Batch reporting in SCADA systems - Mini Project: Build & Apply

Batch Reporting

📖 Scenario: You work in a factory using a SCADA system to monitor production batches. Each batch has a unique ID and a status indicating if it passed quality checks.Your manager wants a quick report showing which batches passed.

🎯 Goal: Create a batch report that lists only the batch IDs that passed quality checks.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a dictionary called batches with batch IDs as keys and status strings as values

Create a variable called passed_status with the value 'Passed'

Use a dictionary comprehension to create a new dictionary passed_batches containing only batches with status equal to passed_status

Print the passed_batches dictionary

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

Factories use SCADA systems to monitor production batches and quickly identify which batches passed quality checks for reporting and decision-making.

💼 Career

DevOps and automation engineers often write scripts to process and report system data, helping teams monitor production and maintain quality.

1

Create the batch data

Create a dictionary called batches with these exact entries: 'B001': 'Passed', 'B002': 'Failed', 'B003': 'Passed', 'B004': 'Failed', 'B005': 'Passed'

SCADA systems

# Create the batches dictionary with exact batch IDs and statuses
# Your code here

Hint

Use curly braces to create a dictionary. Each entry has a batch ID as a string key and a status string as value.

2

Set the passed status variable

Create a variable called passed_status and set it to the string 'Passed'

SCADA systems

batches = {'B001': 'Passed', 'B002': 'Failed', 'B003': 'Passed', 'B004': 'Failed', 'B005': 'Passed'}
# Create the passed_status variable with value 'Passed'
# Your code here

Hint

Use a simple assignment to create the variable.

3

Filter batches that passed

Use a dictionary comprehension to create a new dictionary called passed_batches that contains only the batches from batches where the status equals passed_status

SCADA systems

batches = {'B001': 'Passed', 'B002': 'Failed', 'B003': 'Passed', 'B004': 'Failed', 'B005': 'Passed'}
passed_status = 'Passed'
# Create passed_batches dictionary with only batches that have status 'Passed'
# Your code here

Hint

Use {key: value for key, value in dict.items() if condition} syntax.

4

Print the passed batches report

Print the passed_batches dictionary to display the batches that passed quality checks

SCADA systems

batches = {'B001': 'Passed', 'B002': 'Failed', 'B003': 'Passed', 'B004': 'Failed', 'B005': 'Passed'}
passed_status = 'Passed'
passed_batches = {batch_id: status for batch_id, status in batches.items() if status == passed_status}
# Print the passed_batches dictionary
# Your code here

Hint

Use print(passed_batches) to show the filtered dictionary.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of batch reporting in SCADA systems?

easy

A. To replace manual quality checks completely

B. To control the speed of individual machines

C. To monitor only the temperature of a single product

D. To collect and summarize data about groups of products made together

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand batch reporting concept

   Batch reporting gathers data about a group of products made in one production run.

2. Step 2: Identify main purpose

   This data helps track quality, timing, and conditions for the entire batch, not just one machine or product.

3. Final Answer:

   To collect and summarize data about groups of products made together -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Batch reporting = group data collection [OK]

Hint: Batch reporting = data about product groups, not single items [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking batch reporting controls machine speed
• Confusing batch data with single product data
• Assuming it replaces all manual checks

2. Which of the following is the correct way to represent a batch report entry in a SCADA system configuration?

easy

A. batch_report = { 'batch_id': 101, 'start_time': '08:00', 'status': 'complete' }

B. batch_report = [batch_id: 101, start_time: '08:00', status: 'complete']

C. batch_report = (batch_id=101, start_time='08:00', status='complete')

D. batch_report = 'batch_id=101; start_time=08:00; status=complete'

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify correct data structure syntax

   In SCADA system configs, batch reports are often stored as key-value pairs in dictionaries or JSON-like objects.

2. Step 2: Check each option

   batch_report = { 'batch_id': 101, 'start_time': '08:00', 'status': 'complete' } uses correct dictionary syntax with keys and values. Options A and C use invalid syntax for dictionaries. batch_report = 'batch_id=101; start_time=08:00; status=complete' is a string, not a structured entry.

3. Final Answer:

   batch_report = { 'batch_id': 101, 'start_time': '08:00', 'status': 'complete' } -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Dictionary syntax = batch_report = { 'batch_id': 101, 'start_time': '08:00', 'status': 'complete' } [OK]

Hint: Use curly braces and colons for key-value pairs [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using square brackets with colons (invalid)
• Using parentheses like tuples with equals
• Storing data as plain strings instead of structured

3. Given this batch report data snippet:

batch = { 'id': 202, 'start': '09:00', 'end': '10:30', 'status': 'running' }
print(batch['status'])

What will be the output?

medium

A. None

B. complete

C. running

D. error

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand dictionary access

   The code accesses the value of the key 'status' in the batch dictionary.

2. Step 2: Check the value of 'status'

   In the dictionary, 'status' is set to 'running', so print(batch['status']) outputs 'running'.

3. Final Answer:

   running -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   batch['status'] = 'running' [OK]

Hint: Print dictionary key value to get output [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming status is 'complete' without checking
• Expecting an error due to missing key
• Confusing key names or case sensitivity

4. You have this batch report code snippet:

batch = { 'id': 303, 'start': '11:00', 'end': '12:00' }
print(batch['status'])

What is the error and how to fix it?

medium

A. KeyError because 'status' key is missing; add 'status' key to batch

B. SyntaxError due to missing comma; add comma after 'end' value

C. TypeError because batch is not a dictionary; convert to dict

D. No error; output will be None

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify the error type

   Accessing batch['status'] when 'status' key does not exist causes a KeyError.

2. Step 2: Fix the error

   Add a 'status' key with a value to the batch dictionary to avoid the error.

3. Final Answer:

   KeyError because 'status' key is missing; add 'status' key to batch -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Missing key access = KeyError [OK]

Hint: Check all keys exist before accessing [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming missing keys return None
• Thinking it's a syntax error
• Confusing data types causing TypeError

5. You want to generate a batch report summary that includes batch ID, total duration (in minutes), and status from this data:

batch = { 'id': 404, 'start': '13:15', 'end': '14:45', 'status': 'complete' }

Which Python code correctly calculates and prints the summary?

hard

A. duration = batch['end'] - batch['start']
print(f"Batch {batch['id']} took {duration} minutes and is {batch['status']}")

B. from datetime import datetime
start = datetime.strptime(batch['start'], '%H:%M')
end = datetime.strptime(batch['end'], '%H:%M')
duration = (end - start).seconds // 60
print(f"Batch {batch['id']} took {duration} minutes and is {batch['status']}")

C. duration = int(batch['end']) - int(batch['start'])
print(f"Batch {batch['id']} took {duration} minutes and is {batch['status']}")

D. print(f"Batch {batch['id']} took {batch['end'] - batch['start']} minutes and is {batch['status']}")

Solution

1. Step 1: Parse time strings to datetime objects

   Use datetime.strptime with '%H:%M' format to convert 'start' and 'end' strings to datetime objects.

2. Step 2: Calculate duration in minutes

   Subtract start from end to get timedelta, then convert seconds to minutes using integer division.

3. Step 3: Print formatted summary

   Use f-string to print batch ID, duration, and status clearly.

4. Final Answer:

   from datetime import datetime start = datetime.strptime(batch['start'], '%H:%M') end = datetime.strptime(batch['end'], '%H:%M') duration = (end - start).seconds // 60 print(f"Batch {batch['id']} took {duration} minutes and is {batch['status']}") -> Option B

5. Quick Check:

   Parse times + timedelta = correct duration [OK]

Hint: Convert times to datetime before subtracting [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Subtracting strings directly
• Converting times to int without parsing
• Ignoring time format in calculations