Verify login button is clickable using XPath with attributes

Preconditions (1)

Step 1: Locate the login button using XPath with attribute id='loginBtn'

Step 2: Click the login button

Step 3: Verify that the URL changes to 'https://example.com/dashboard'

✅ Expected Result: The login button is found using XPath with attribute, clicked successfully, and the page navigates to the dashboard URL

Automation Requirements - Selenium with Python

Assertions Needed:

Assert the login button is present and clickable

Assert the current URL is 'https://example.com/dashboard' after clicking

Best Practices:

Use explicit waits to wait for the login button to be clickable

Use By.XPATH locator with attribute selector

Avoid hardcoded sleeps

Use try-except to handle element not found exceptions gracefully

Automated Solution

Selenium Python

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException

# Setup WebDriver (assuming chromedriver is in PATH)
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

try:
    # Open login page
    driver.get('https://example.com/login')

    # Wait up to 10 seconds for login button to be clickable using XPath with attribute id='loginBtn'
    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
    login_button = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//button[@id='loginBtn']")))

    # Click the login button
    login_button.click()

    # Wait for URL to change to dashboard
    wait.until(EC.url_to_be('https://example.com/dashboard'))

    # Assert current URL is dashboard
    assert driver.current_url == 'https://example.com/dashboard', f"Expected URL to be dashboard but got {driver.current_url}"

    print('Test Passed: Login button clicked and dashboard loaded')

except TimeoutException:
    print('Test Failed: Element not found or page did not load in time')

finally:
    driver.quit()

This script uses Selenium WebDriver with Python to automate the manual test case.

First, it opens the login page URL.

Then it waits explicitly (up to 10 seconds) for the login button to be clickable. The button is located using an XPath expression that selects a button element with the attribute id='loginBtn'. This shows how to use XPath with attributes.

After the button is found and clickable, the script clicks it.

Next, it waits until the URL changes to the expected dashboard URL, confirming navigation succeeded.

Finally, it asserts the current URL matches the expected dashboard URL. If all steps succeed, it prints a success message; otherwise, it catches timeout exceptions and prints a failure message.

The script uses best practices like explicit waits, proper locators, and exception handling to make the test reliable and clear.

Common Mistakes - 3 Pitfalls

Using time.sleep() instead of explicit waits

Using XPath without attributes or using absolute XPath

Not handling exceptions when element is not found

Bonus Challenge

Now add data-driven testing with 3 different login button IDs to verify the button is clickable for each.

Show Hint