Verify login button becomes clickable after page load

Preconditions (3)

Step 1: Open the browser and navigate to 'https://example.com/login'

Step 2: Wait until the login button with id 'loginBtn' is clickable

Step 3: Click the login button

Step 4: Verify that the URL changes to 'https://example.com/dashboard'

✅ Expected Result: The login button becomes clickable after page load, clicking it navigates to the dashboard page

Automation Requirements - Selenium with Python

Assertions Needed:

Assert login button is clickable before clicking

Assert current URL is 'https://example.com/dashboard' after clicking

Best Practices:

Use WebDriverWait with expected_conditions for explicit waits

Avoid using time.sleep() for waiting

Use By.ID locator for the login button

Handle exceptions if element is not found or not clickable

Automated Solution

Selenium Python

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException

# Initialize the Chrome WebDriver
with webdriver.Chrome() as driver:
    driver.get('https://example.com/login')

    try:
        # Wait up to 10 seconds until the login button is clickable
        wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
        login_button = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, 'loginBtn')))

        # Click the login button
        login_button.click()

        # Wait until URL changes to dashboard
        wait.until(EC.url_to_be('https://example.com/dashboard'))

        # Assert the current URL is the dashboard URL
        assert driver.current_url == 'https://example.com/dashboard', f"Expected URL to be 'https://example.com/dashboard' but got {driver.current_url}"

        print('Test Passed: Login button clickable and dashboard loaded')

    except TimeoutException:
        print('Test Failed: Element not clickable or URL did not change in time')

This script uses Selenium WebDriver with Python to automate the manual test case.

First, it opens the browser and navigates to the login page URL.

Then, it uses WebDriverWait with expected_conditions.element_to_be_clickable to wait up to 10 seconds for the login button to become clickable. This is better than using fixed waits because it waits only as long as needed.

After the button is clickable, it clicks the button.

Next, it waits until the URL changes to the dashboard URL using expected_conditions.url_to_be.

Finally, it asserts that the current URL is the expected dashboard URL to confirm navigation succeeded.

Exceptions like TimeoutException are caught to handle cases where the button never becomes clickable or the URL does not change in time, printing a failure message.

This approach follows best practices by using explicit waits, proper locators, and assertions.

Common Mistakes - 3 Pitfalls

Using time.sleep() instead of explicit waits

Using incorrect locator types or hardcoded XPath

Not handling exceptions for element not found or timeout

Bonus Challenge

Now add data-driven testing with 3 different login URLs and verify the login button on each page becomes clickable.

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