Utility classes in Selenium Java - Test Execution Trace

Test Overview

This test uses a utility class to open a browser, navigate to a page, and verify the page title. It checks that the utility class methods work correctly to simplify test steps.

Test Code - JUnit 5 with Selenium WebDriver

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

// Utility class for browser actions
class BrowserUtils {
    private WebDriver driver;

    public BrowserUtils() {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");
        this.driver = new ChromeDriver();
    }

    public void openUrl(String url) {
        driver.get(url);
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return driver.getTitle();
    }

    public void closeBrowser() {
        if (driver != null) {
            driver.quit();
        }
    }

    public WebDriver getDriver() {
        return driver;
    }
}

public class UtilityClassTest {
    BrowserUtils browserUtils;

    @BeforeEach
    public void setUp() {
        browserUtils = new BrowserUtils();
    }

    @Test
    public void testPageTitle() {
        browserUtils.openUrl("https://example.com");
        String title = browserUtils.getTitle();
        assertEquals("Example Domain", title);
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void tearDown() {
        browserUtils.closeBrowser();
    }
}

Execution Trace - 5 Steps

Step	Action	System State	Assertion	Result
1	Test starts and BrowserUtils instance is created, launching Chrome browser	Chrome browser window opens, ready for commands	-	PASS
2	BrowserUtils opens URL 'https://example.com'	Browser navigates to https://example.com, page loads	-	PASS
3	BrowserUtils retrieves the page title	Page title is 'Example Domain'	Check if page title equals 'Example Domain'	PASS
4	JUnit assertion compares expected and actual title	Assertion verifies titles match	assertEquals('Example Domain', actualTitle)	PASS
5	BrowserUtils closes the browser	Chrome browser window closes	-	PASS

Failure Scenario

Failing Condition: Page title does not match expected 'Example Domain'

Execution Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What does the utility class BrowserUtils do in this test?

A It opens the browser, navigates to a URL, gets the page title, and closes the browser

B It only verifies the page title without opening a browser

C It runs the test assertions directly

D It manages test data for the test

Key Result

Using utility classes helps keep test code clean and reusable by grouping common browser actions in one place.