RemoteWebDriver usage in Selenium Java - Test Execution Trace

Test Overview

This test opens a browser remotely using RemoteWebDriver, navigates to a website, clicks a button, and verifies the page title.

Test Code - JUnit

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import java.net.URL;
import java.time.Duration;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

public class RemoteWebDriverTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
        capabilities.setBrowserName("chrome");

        WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://localhost:4444/wd/hub"), capabilities);

        try {
            driver.get("https://example.com");

            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));
            WebElement moreInfoLink = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.cssSelector("a.more-info")));

            moreInfoLink.click();

            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleContains("More Information"));

            String title = driver.getTitle();
            assertEquals("More Information - Example Domain", title);

        } finally {
            driver.quit();
        }
    }
}

Execution Trace - 8 Steps

Step	Action	System State	Assertion	Result
1	Create DesiredCapabilities for Chrome browser	Capabilities object set to use Chrome	-	PASS
2	Instantiate RemoteWebDriver with Selenium Grid URL and capabilities	Remote browser session started on Selenium Grid	-	PASS
3	Navigate to https://example.com	Browser opened with example.com loaded	Page URL is https://example.com	PASS
4	Wait until the 'More Info' link is clickable	'More Info' link is visible and clickable	Element located by CSS selector 'a.more-info' is clickable	PASS
5	Click the 'More Info' link	Browser navigates to the More Information page	-	PASS
6	Wait until page title contains 'More Information'	Page title updated to include 'More Information'	Title contains 'More Information'	PASS
7	Get page title and assert it equals 'More Information - Example Domain'	Page title is 'More Information - Example Domain'	assertEquals passes confirming correct page title	PASS
8	Quit the RemoteWebDriver session	Browser session closed	-	PASS

Failure Scenario

Failing Condition: The 'More Info' link is not found or not clickable within 10 seconds

Execution Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What does the RemoteWebDriver connect to in this test?

A A Selenium Grid server at http://localhost:4444/wd/hub

B A local Chrome browser instance

C A mobile device emulator

D A cloud testing service without URL

Key Result

Always use explicit waits like WebDriverWait with ExpectedConditions to handle dynamic page elements when using RemoteWebDriver.