Preconditions (2)

Step 1: Open the login page URL

Step 2: Read the username and password from the JSON file

Step 3: Enter the username into the username input field with id 'username'

Step 4: Enter the password into the password input field with id 'password'

Step 5: Click the login button with id 'loginBtn'

Step 6: Wait for the page to load and verify the URL contains '/dashboard'

✅ Expected Result: User is successfully logged in and redirected to the dashboard page

Automation Requirements - Selenium WebDriver with Java

Assertions Needed:

Verify the current URL contains '/dashboard' after login

Best Practices:

Use explicit waits to wait for page load or element visibility

Use Page Object Model to separate page elements and actions

Read test data from external JSON file using a JSON parsing library

Use meaningful element locators like By.id or By.name

Automated Solution

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import java.io.File;
import java.time.Duration;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;

public class LoginTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Setup WebDriver
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));

        try {
            // Open login page
            driver.get("http://example.com/login");

            // Read JSON test data
            ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
            JsonNode testData = mapper.readTree(new File("src/test/resources/loginData.json"));
            String username = testData.get("username").asText();
            String password = testData.get("password").asText();

            // Enter username
            WebElement usernameInput = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("username")));
            usernameInput.sendKeys(username);

            // Enter password
            WebElement passwordInput = driver.findElement(By.id("password"));
            passwordInput.sendKeys(password);

            // Click login button
            WebElement loginButton = driver.findElement(By.id("loginBtn"));
            loginButton.click();

            // Wait for dashboard URL
            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.urlContains("/dashboard"));

            // Assert URL contains /dashboard
            String currentUrl = driver.getCurrentUrl();
            assertTrue(currentUrl.contains("/dashboard"), "User should be redirected to dashboard after login");

            System.out.println("Test passed: User logged in successfully.");
        } finally {
            driver.quit();
        }
    }
}

This test script uses Selenium WebDriver with Java to automate the login test using JSON test data.

First, it sets up the ChromeDriver and opens the login page URL.

Then it reads the username and password from an external JSON file using Jackson's ObjectMapper.

It waits explicitly for the username input to be visible before entering the username and password.

After clicking the login button, it waits until the URL contains '/dashboard' to confirm successful login.

Finally, it asserts that the current URL contains '/dashboard' and prints a success message.

The driver quits in the finally block to ensure cleanup.

Common Mistakes - 4 Pitfalls

Using Thread.sleep() instead of explicit waits

Hardcoding test data inside the test code

Using brittle XPath locators instead of stable IDs

Not closing the WebDriver after test execution

Bonus Challenge

Now add data-driven testing with 3 different username and password combinations from JSON array

Show Hint