Why form testing validates user workflows in Selenium Java - Test Execution Impact

Test Overview

This test checks if a user can successfully fill out and submit a login form. It verifies that the form accepts valid input and leads to the expected page, ensuring the user workflow works correctly.

Test Code - JUnit with Selenium WebDriver

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class LoginFormTest {
    private WebDriver driver;
    private WebDriverWait wait;

    @BeforeEach
    public void setUp() {
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
    }

    @Test
    public void testValidLoginFormSubmission() {
        driver.get("https://example.com/login");

        WebElement usernameInput = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("username")));
        WebElement passwordInput = driver.findElement(By.id("password"));
        WebElement submitButton = driver.findElement(By.id("submit-btn"));

        usernameInput.sendKeys("validUser");
        passwordInput.sendKeys("validPass123");
        submitButton.click();

        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.urlContains("/dashboard"));
        String currentUrl = driver.getCurrentUrl();
        assertEquals("https://example.com/dashboard", currentUrl, "User should be redirected to dashboard after login");
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void tearDown() {
        if (driver != null) {
            driver.quit();
        }
    }
}

Execution Trace - 8 Steps

Step	Action	System State	Assertion	Result
1	Test starts and Chrome browser opens	Browser window is open and ready	-	PASS
2	Navigates to https://example.com/login	Login page is loaded with username, password fields and submit button visible	Waits until username input is present	PASS
3	Finds username, password input fields and submit button	All form elements are located and interactable	-	PASS
4	Enters 'validUser' into username field	Username field contains 'validUser'	-	PASS
5	Enters 'validPass123' into password field	Password field contains 'validPass123'	-	PASS
6	Clicks the submit button	Form is submitted, page starts loading	-	PASS
7	Waits until URL contains '/dashboard'	Browser navigates to dashboard page	Checks current URL equals 'https://example.com/dashboard'	PASS
8	Test ends and browser closes	Browser window is closed	-	PASS

Failure Scenario

Failing Condition: If the submit button is not found or clicking it does not redirect to the dashboard page

Execution Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What does the test verify after clicking the submit button?

A That an error message appears on the login page

B That the username field is cleared

C That the browser URL changes to the dashboard page

D That the submit button becomes disabled

Key Result

Testing form submission validates the entire user workflow from input to navigation, ensuring the app behaves as a user expects.