Unexpected alert handling in Selenium Java - Test Execution Trace

Test Overview

This test checks how the Selenium WebDriver handles an unexpected alert popup during navigation. It verifies that the alert is detected and accepted to allow the test to continue smoothly.

Test Code - JUnit 5 with Selenium WebDriver

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import java.time.Duration;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class UnexpectedAlertHandlingTest {
    private WebDriver driver;
    private WebDriverWait wait;

    @BeforeEach
    public void setUp() {
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));
    }

    @Test
    public void testHandleUnexpectedAlert() {
        driver.get("https://example.com/page_with_unexpected_alert");

        try {
            // Wait for alert to be present
            Alert alert = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());
            // Accept the alert
            alert.accept();
        } catch (TimeoutException e) {
            // No alert appeared, continue
        }

        // After alert is handled, verify page title
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals("Expected Page Title", title);
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void tearDown() {
        if (driver != null) {
            driver.quit();
        }
    }
}

Execution Trace - 6 Steps

Step	Action	System State	Assertion	Result
1	Test starts and Chrome browser opens	Chrome browser window is open and ready	-	PASS
2	Navigates to https://example.com/page_with_unexpected_alert	Browser loads the page which triggers an unexpected alert popup	-	PASS
3	Waits up to 10 seconds for alert to be present using WebDriverWait and ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent()	Alert popup is detected on the page	Alert presence is verified	PASS
4	Accepts the alert popup by calling alert.accept()	Alert popup is closed, page is visible and interactive	-	PASS
5	Retrieves the page title using driver.getTitle()	Page title is fetched from the browser	Page title equals 'Expected Page Title'	PASS
6	Test ends and browser closes	Browser window is closed	-	PASS

Failure Scenario

Failing Condition: Alert does not appear and test tries to accept a non-existent alert or page title does not match expected

Execution Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What Selenium method is used to wait for the unexpected alert to appear?

A wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent())

B driver.findElement(By.alert())

C driver.switchTo().alert() without wait

D driver.getAlert()

Key Result

Always use explicit waits like WebDriverWait with ExpectedConditions to handle unexpected alerts gracefully, preventing test failures due to timing issues.