PageFactory initialization in Selenium Java - Test Execution Trace

Test Overview

This test opens a web page and verifies that a button is present using Selenium's PageFactory to initialize web elements.

Test Code - JUnit 5 with Selenium

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;

public class PageFactoryTest {
    WebDriver driver;

    @FindBy(id = "submit-btn")
    WebElement submitButton;

    @BeforeEach
    public void setUp() {
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://example.com");
        PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSubmitButtonIsDisplayed() {
        Assertions.assertTrue(submitButton.isDisplayed(), "Submit button should be visible");
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void tearDown() {
        driver.quit();
    }
}

Execution Trace - 6 Steps

Step	Action	System State	Assertion	Result
1	Test starts	JUnit test runner initializes the test class	-	PASS
2	Browser opens ChromeDriver	Chrome browser window opens	-	PASS
3	Navigates to https://example.com	Browser loads the example.com homepage	-	PASS
4	PageFactory initializes elements annotated with @FindBy	submitButton WebElement is linked to element with id 'submit-btn'	-	PASS
5	Checks if submitButton is displayed	submitButton element is visible on the page	Assert that submitButton.isDisplayed() returns true	PASS
6	Test ends and browser closes	Chrome browser window closes	-	PASS

Failure Scenario

Failing Condition: The submit button is not visible on the page

Execution Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What does PageFactory.initElements do in this test?

A It navigates to the URL

B It opens the browser window

C It links the WebElement fields to actual elements on the page

D It closes the browser

Key Result

Using PageFactory.initElements helps keep your test code clean by automatically linking WebElement fields to page elements, making tests easier to read and maintain.