First Selenium Java test - Cheat Sheet & Quick Revision

Recall & Review

beginner

What is Selenium WebDriver used for in testing?

Selenium WebDriver is used to automate web browsers. It helps testers simulate user actions like clicking buttons, entering text, and navigating pages to check if a website works correctly.

beginner

In a Selenium Java test, what does the method driver.get("https://example.com") do?

It opens the web page at the URL "https://example.com" in the browser controlled by Selenium WebDriver.

beginner

Why do we use driver.quit() at the end of a Selenium test?

To close the browser and end the WebDriver session. This frees up system resources and ensures the test ends cleanly.

beginner

What is the purpose of assertions in a Selenium test?

Assertions check if the actual result matches the expected result. They help confirm that the web page behaves as intended during the test.

beginner

Which locator strategy is recommended for finding elements in Selenium tests?

Using unique and stable locators like id or name attributes is recommended. They make tests more reliable and easier to maintain.

What does the following Selenium Java code do?

driver.findElement(By.id("submitBtn")).click();

A Closes the browser

B Finds a button with id 'submitBtn' and clicks it

C Opens a new browser window

D Types text 'submitBtn' into a field

The code finds the element with id 'submitBtn' and performs a click action on it.

Which method opens a web page in Selenium WebDriver?

A driver.get()

B driver.open()

C driver.navigate()

D driver.load()

The method driver.get() loads a web page by URL in the browser.

Why is it important to use driver.quit() after a test?

A To refresh the page

B To start a new test

C To close the browser and end the session

D To maximize the browser window

driver.quit() closes the browser and ends the WebDriver session, freeing resources.

Which locator is usually the most reliable in Selenium tests?

A Unique id attribute

B XPath with long paths

C CSS selectors with many classes

D Text content of elements

Unique id attributes are stable and fast for locating elements.

What is the main purpose of assertions in Selenium tests?

A To close the browser

B To open the browser

C To find elements on the page

D To check if the test passed or failed

Assertions verify if the actual result matches the expected result, determining test success.

Describe the basic steps to write and run your first Selenium Java test.

Think about what you do when you test a website manually and how Selenium automates those steps.

Explain why choosing good locators is important in Selenium tests.

Imagine trying to find a friend in a crowd using a clear description versus a vague one.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of a Selenium Java test?

easy

A. To write Java programs unrelated to browsers

B. To automate browser actions like opening a page and checking content

C. To manually test software without code

D. To design user interfaces

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand Selenium's role

   Selenium is used to automate browser actions such as opening pages and clicking buttons.

2. Step 2: Identify the test goal

   The main goal of a Selenium Java test is to automate browser tasks and verify web page behavior.

3. Final Answer:

   To automate browser actions like opening a page and checking content -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Selenium test = automate browser [OK]

Hint: Selenium automates browsers, not manual or UI design tasks [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing Selenium with manual testing
• Thinking Selenium is for UI design
• Assuming Selenium runs non-browser Java code

2. Which of the following is the correct way to start a Chrome browser in Selenium Java?

easy

A. WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

B. ChromeDriver driver = WebDriver();

C. driver = new WebDriver.Chrome();

D. WebDriver driver = ChromeDriver();

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall Selenium WebDriver syntax

   The correct way is to declare WebDriver interface and instantiate ChromeDriver class.

2. Step 2: Check each option's syntax

   WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); uses correct Java syntax: WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); others have syntax errors or wrong order.

3. Final Answer:

   WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Use interface = new implementation() [OK]

Hint: Use WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); to start Chrome [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Missing 'new' keyword
• Wrong constructor call syntax
• Assigning without type declaration

3. What will be the output of this Selenium Java code snippet?

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://example.com");
String title = driver.getTitle();
System.out.println(title);
driver.quit();

Assuming the page title is "Example Domain".

medium

A. Example Domain

B. https://example.com

C. null

D. No output, code throws error

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand driver.getTitle()

   driver.getTitle() returns the title of the current page, which is "Example Domain" here.

2. Step 2: Check the print statement

   System.out.println(title) prints the page title to the console.

3. Final Answer:

   Example Domain -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   getTitle() prints page title [OK]

Hint: getTitle() returns page title string [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing URL with title
• Expecting no output
• Assuming getTitle() returns null

4. Identify the error in this Selenium Java code snippet:

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://example.com");
WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.id("submit"));
button.click();
driver.close();

medium

A. Missing import for By class

B. findElement should use By.name instead of By.id

C. driver.close() should be driver.quit() to close browser fully

D. button.click() is not valid for WebElement

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand driver.close() vs driver.quit()

   driver.close() closes current tab, driver.quit() closes entire browser session.

2. Step 2: Check best practice for test cleanup

   To fully close browser and end session, driver.quit() is preferred after test.

3. Final Answer:

   driver.close() should be driver.quit() to close browser fully -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Use quit() to close browser fully [OK]

Hint: Use driver.quit() to close browser fully after test [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using driver.close() only closes one tab
• Confusing By.id and By.name without context
• Assuming button.click() is invalid

5. You want to write a Selenium Java test that opens a browser, navigates to "https://example.com", verifies the page title is "Example Domain", and then closes the browser. Which code snippet correctly performs this test with assertion?

hard

A. WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://example.com");
assert driver.getTitle().equals("Example Domain");
driver.quit();

B. WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://example.com");
if(driver.getTitle() == "Example Domain") {
System.out.println("Title matches");
}
driver.close();

C. WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://example.com");
assert driver.getTitle() == "Example Domain";
driver.quit();

D. WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://example.com");
assertEquals("Example Domain", driver.getTitle());
driver.quit();

Solution

1. Step 1: Check assertion method correctness

   assertEquals(expected, actual) is the correct JUnit assertion method to compare strings.

2. Step 2: Verify browser close method

   driver.quit() properly closes the browser after test.

3. Step 3: Identify errors in other options

   WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); driver.get("https://example.com"); assert driver.getTitle().equals("Example Domain"); driver.quit(); uses plain assert with equals() but is less clear; WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); driver.get("https://example.com"); if(driver.getTitle() == "Example Domain") { System.out.println("Title matches"); } driver.close(); uses == for string comparison (wrong); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); driver.get("https://example.com"); assert driver.getTitle() == "Example Domain"; driver.quit(); uses == in assert (wrong).

4. Final Answer:

   assertEquals("Example Domain", driver.getTitle()); with driver.quit() -> Option D

5. Quick Check:

   Use assertEquals for string check, quit() to close browser [OK]

Hint: Use assertEquals(expected, actual) and driver.quit() [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using == to compare strings
• Using driver.close() instead of quit()
• Missing proper assertion method