findElements for multiple matches in Selenium Java - Test Execution Trace

Test Overview

This test opens a webpage and uses findElements to locate multiple buttons with the same class. It verifies that the correct number of buttons is found and that each button is displayed.

Test Code - JUnit

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.util.List;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;

public class MultipleButtonsTest {
    WebDriver driver;

    @BeforeEach
    public void setUp() {
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://example.com/buttons");
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindMultipleButtons() {
        List<WebElement> buttons = driver.findElements(By.className("btn-primary"));
        assertFalse(buttons.isEmpty(), "No buttons found with class 'btn-primary'");
        assertEquals(3, buttons.size(), "Expected exactly 3 buttons with class 'btn-primary'");
        for (WebElement button : buttons) {
            assertTrue(button.isDisplayed(), "Button should be visible");
        }
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void tearDown() {
        if (driver != null) {
            driver.quit();
        }
    }
}

Execution Trace - 6 Steps

Step	Action	System State	Assertion	Result
1	Test starts and Chrome browser opens	Browser window is open, ready to navigate	-	PASS
2	Browser navigates to https://example.com/buttons	Page with multiple buttons having class 'btn-primary' is loaded	-	PASS
3	Find all elements with class name 'btn-primary' using findElements	List of WebElements representing buttons is retrieved	Verify list is not empty	PASS
4	Assert that exactly 3 buttons are found	List size is checked	buttons.size() == 3	PASS
5	For each button found, check if it is displayed	Each button element is visible on the page	button.isDisplayed() == true for all buttons	PASS
6	Test ends and browser closes	Browser window is closed	-	PASS

Failure Scenario

Failing Condition: No elements found with class 'btn-primary' or number of elements is not 3

Execution Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What does the findElements method return if no matching elements are found?

A Null

B Throws NoSuchElementException

C An empty list

D Returns the first element only

Key Result

Using findElements returns a list of all matching elements, allowing tests to verify multiple elements at once without failing if none are found. Always check the list size and visibility to ensure correct elements are present.