Wait for Login Button to be Clickable and Click

Preconditions (2)

Step 1: Open the browser and navigate to 'https://example.com/login'

Step 2: Wait explicitly up to 10 seconds for the login button with id 'loginBtn' to be clickable

Step 3: Click the login button

Step 4: Verify that the URL changes to 'https://example.com/dashboard'

✅ Expected Result: The login button is clicked only after it becomes clickable, and the user is redirected to the dashboard page.

Automation Requirements - Selenium WebDriver with Java

Assertions Needed:

Assert that the login button is clickable before clicking

Assert that the current URL is 'https://example.com/dashboard' after clicking

Best Practices:

Use WebDriverWait with ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable

Avoid Thread.sleep; use explicit waits instead

Use By.id locator for the login button

Use try-catch to handle timeout exceptions gracefully

Automated Solution

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import java.time.Duration;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class ExplicitWaitTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        try {
            driver.get("https://example.com/login");

            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));
            WebElement loginButton = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("loginBtn")));

            loginButton.click();

            wait.until(ExpectedConditions.urlToBe("https://example.com/dashboard"));

            String currentUrl = driver.getCurrentUrl();
            assertEquals("https://example.com/dashboard", currentUrl, "URL after login should be dashboard");

            System.out.println("Test Passed: Login button clicked and dashboard loaded.");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Test Failed: " + e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            driver.quit();
        }
    }
}

This test script uses Selenium WebDriver with Java to automate the manual test case.

First, it opens the Chrome browser and navigates to the login page URL.

Then, it creates a WebDriverWait object with a 10-second timeout to wait explicitly for the login button to become clickable. This avoids using Thread.sleep which is unreliable.

Once the login button is clickable, the script clicks it.

Next, it waits until the URL changes to the dashboard URL to confirm navigation.

Finally, it asserts that the current URL is exactly the dashboard URL, ensuring the login action succeeded.

The try-catch block handles any exceptions gracefully, and the finally block closes the browser to clean up.

Common Mistakes - 4 Pitfalls

Using Thread.sleep() instead of explicit waits

Using incorrect locator like XPath with absolute path

Not waiting for element to be clickable before clicking

Not handling exceptions from wait timeouts

Bonus Challenge

Now add data-driven testing with 3 different login button IDs to verify the wait works for each.

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