Closing browser (close vs quit) in Selenium Java - Test Execution Compared

Test Overview

This test demonstrates the difference between driver.close() and driver.quit() in Selenium Java. It verifies that close() closes the current browser window, while quit() closes all windows and ends the WebDriver session.

Test Code - JUnit 5 with Selenium WebDriver

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;

public class CloseVsQuitTest {
    WebDriver driver;

    @BeforeEach
    public void setUp() {
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://example.com");
    }

    @Test
    public void testCloseClosesCurrentWindow() {
        String originalWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();
        driver.close();
        // After close, driver should throw exception when switching to window
        Exception exception = assertThrows(org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException.class, () -> {
            driver.switchTo().window(originalWindow);
        });
        assertNotNull(exception);
    }

    @Test
    public void testQuitClosesAllWindowsAndEndsSession() {
        driver.quit();
        Exception exception = assertThrows(org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchSessionException.class, () -> {
            driver.getTitle();
        });
        assertNotNull(exception);
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void tearDown() {
        try {
            driver.quit();
        } catch (Exception ignored) {
        }
    }
}

Execution Trace - 4 Steps

Step	Action	System State	Assertion	Result
1	Test starts and ChromeDriver instance is created	Browser window opens and navigates to https://example.com	—	PASS
2	testCloseClosesCurrentWindow: driver.close() is called to close current window	Browser window closes, WebDriver session still active	Attempt to switch to closed window throws NoSuchWindowException	PASS
3	testQuitClosesAllWindowsAndEndsSession: driver.quit() is called to close all windows and end session	All browser windows closed, WebDriver session ended	Calling driver.getTitle() throws NoSuchSessionException	PASS
4	tearDown method calls driver.quit() to ensure cleanup	No browser windows open, session ended	—	PASS

Failure Scenario

Failing Condition: If driver.close() does not close the current window or driver.quit() does not end the session

Execution Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What does driver.close() do in Selenium WebDriver?

A Closes the current browser window

B Closes all browser windows and ends the session

C Minimizes the browser window

D Refreshes the current page

Key Result

Always use driver.quit() in cleanup to close all browser windows and properly end the WebDriver session, preventing resource leaks.

Practice

1. What does the close() method do in Selenium WebDriver?

easy

A. Closes the current browser window or tab only

B. Closes all browser windows and ends the WebDriver session

C. Keeps the browser open but clears cookies

D. Minimizes the browser window

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the purpose of close()

   The close() method is designed to close only the current browser window or tab that the WebDriver is controlling.

2. Step 2: Differentiate from quit()

   Unlike quit(), which closes all windows and ends the session, close() affects only one window or tab.

3. Final Answer:

   Closes the current browser window or tab only -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   close() closes one window [OK]

Hint: Close closes one window; quit closes all [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing close() with quit()
• Thinking close() ends the WebDriver session
• Assuming close() clears cookies

2. Which of the following is the correct syntax to close all browser windows and end the WebDriver session in Java Selenium?

easy

A. driver.close();

B. driver.quit();

C. driver.exit();

D. driver.shutdown();

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall the method to end WebDriver session

   The method quit() is used to close all browser windows and end the WebDriver session.

2. Step 2: Check syntax correctness

   The correct syntax in Java Selenium is driver.quit();. Other options like exit() or shutdown() do not exist in WebDriver API.

3. Final Answer:

   driver.quit(); -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Use quit() to close all windows [OK]

Hint: Use quit() to close all windows and end session [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using close() instead of quit() to end session
• Using non-existent methods like exit() or shutdown()
• Missing parentheses in method call

3. Consider the following Java Selenium code snippet:

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://example.com");
driver.close();
driver.get("https://google.com");

What will happen when this code runs?

medium

A. The browser opens example.com and google.com in the same tab without closing

B. The browser opens example.com, closes the tab, then opens google.com in a new window

C. The browser opens example.com and google.com in two tabs without closing any

D. The browser opens example.com, closes the tab, then throws an exception on the next get() call

Solution

1. Step 1: Analyze the effect of driver.close()

   The close() method closes the current browser window or tab but does not end the WebDriver session. However, if it is the only window, the session becomes invalid.

2. Step 2: Understand the next get() call after close()

   After closing the only window, calling driver.get() will cause a NoSuchWindowException or similar because there is no open window to navigate.

3. Final Answer:

   The browser opens example.com, closes the tab, then throws an exception on the next get() call -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   close() closes window; next get() fails if no window [OK]

Hint: Close closes tab; next commands fail if no window open [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming get() opens new window after close()
• Thinking close() ends session like quit()
• Ignoring exceptions after closing last window

4. You have this Java Selenium code:

driver.close();
driver.quit();

What is the problem with this code?

medium

A. No problem; calling close() before quit() works without throwing exceptions

B. close() and quit() do the same thing, so one is redundant

C. Calling quit() before close() is required to avoid errors

D. Calling close() before quit() may cause quit() to throw an exception if no windows remain

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the effect of close()

   Calling close() closes the current window. If it is the last window, no windows remain open, but the WebDriver session remains active.

2. Step 2: Analyze quit() after close()

   Calling quit() after close() safely terminates the session even with no windows left; no exception is thrown.

3. Final Answer:

   No problem; calling close() before quit() works without throwing exceptions -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   close() then quit() succeeds [OK]

Hint: close() followed by quit() is safe; no exceptions [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking close() before quit() throws exception
• Confusing close() and quit() effects
• Believing quit() must precede close()

5. You want to close only the current tab but keep the WebDriver session active to open a new tab later. Which method should you use and why?

hard

A. Use driver.quit() because it closes all tabs and ends session cleanly

B. Use driver.quit() and then create a new WebDriver instance

C. Use driver.close() because it closes only the current tab and keeps session alive

D. Use driver.close() and then call driver.quit() immediately

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify the requirement to keep session alive

   To keep the WebDriver session active, you must not call quit() because it ends the session and closes all windows.

2. Step 2: Choose method that closes only current tab

   The close() method closes only the current tab or window but keeps the WebDriver session alive, allowing further commands like opening new tabs.

3. Final Answer:

   Use driver.close() because it closes only the current tab and keeps session alive -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   close() closes tab; quit() ends session [OK]

Hint: Close closes tab; quit ends session completely [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using quit() and losing session
• Calling quit() then expecting to open new tabs
• Confusing close() with quit() effects