Using the Dimensions API in React Native helps your app adapt to different screen sizes smoothly. It does not directly affect frame rate or memory much because it only reads screen size once or on orientation change. However, if you recalculate layouts too often or on every render, it can cause unnecessary CPU work and drop frame rates below 60fps, making animations or scrolling feel laggy.
Battery usage is minimal since Dimensions is a lightweight API, but inefficient use in frequent updates can increase CPU load and battery drain.