Single responsibility per test in PyTest - Test Execution Trace

Test Overview

This test checks that the login page accepts valid credentials and shows a welcome message. It focuses on one clear action: successful login.

Test Code - pytest

PyTest

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

def test_successful_login():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.get('https://example.com/login')

    username_input = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'username'))
    )
    password_input = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'password')
    login_button = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'login-btn')

    username_input.send_keys('validUser')
    password_input.send_keys('validPass123')
    login_button.click()

    welcome_message = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, 'welcome-msg'))
    )

    assert welcome_message.text == 'Welcome, validUser!'
    driver.quit()

Execution Trace - 9 Steps

Step	Action	System State	Assertion	Result
1	Test starts and Chrome browser opens	Browser window is open, ready to navigate	-	PASS
2	Navigates to 'https://example.com/login'	Login page is loaded with username, password fields and login button	-	PASS
3	Waits for username input field to be present	Username input field is visible and interactable	Presence of username input field	PASS
4	Finds password input and login button elements	Password input and login button are visible	-	PASS
5	Types 'validUser' into username and 'validPass123' into password	Input fields contain the correct text	-	PASS
6	Clicks the login button	Form submitted, page starts loading next content	-	PASS
7	Waits for welcome message element to appear	Welcome message is visible on the page	Presence of welcome message element	PASS
8	Checks that welcome message text equals 'Welcome, validUser!'	Welcome message text is exactly as expected	welcome_message.text == 'Welcome, validUser!'	PASS
9	Closes the browser and ends the test	Browser closed, test finished	-	PASS

Failure Scenario

Failing Condition: Welcome message does not appear or text is incorrect after login

Execution Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What is the main focus of this test?

A Check password field validation

B Verify successful login shows welcome message

C Test logout functionality

D Verify page title on login page

Key Result

Each test should focus on one clear behavior or feature to keep tests simple and easy to understand. This makes failures easier to diagnose.