Workflow sequencing in Postman

Introduction

Workflow sequencing helps you run tests in a specific order. This makes sure each step happens only after the previous one finishes successfully.

When you need to create a user before testing login.

When you want to update data only after fetching it.

When you test a multi-step process like checkout in an online store.

When one API call depends on data from a previous call.

When you want to clean up test data after all tests run.

Syntax

Postman

pm.sendRequest(request, function (err, res) {
    // handle response here
});

Use pm.sendRequest inside a test or pre-request script to call another request.

Use environment or collection variables to pass data between requests.

Examples

This sends a login request and saves the token for later requests.

Postman

pm.sendRequest({
    url: 'https://api.example.com/login',
    method: 'POST',
    header: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
    body: { mode: 'raw', raw: JSON.stringify({ username: 'test', password: 'test' }) }
}, function (err, res) {
    pm.environment.set('token', res.json().token);
});

This creates a user and saves the user ID for the next steps.

Postman

pm.sendRequest({
    url: 'https://api.example.com/user',
    method: 'POST',
    header: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
    body: { mode: 'raw', raw: JSON.stringify({ name: 'John' }) }
}, function (err, res) {
    pm.environment.set('userId', res.json().id);
});

Sample Program

This example shows two steps: first creating a user, then getting that user's details. The second step waits for the first to finish and uses the user ID from it.

Postman

// Step 1: Create user
pm.sendRequest({
    url: 'https://api.example.com/users',
    method: 'POST',
    header: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
    body: { mode: 'raw', raw: JSON.stringify({ name: 'Alice' }) }
}, function (err, res) {
    if (err) {
        console.log('User creation failed');
        return;
    }
    const userId = res.json().id;
    pm.environment.set('userId', userId);
    console.log('User created with ID:', userId);

    // Step 2: Get user details
    pm.sendRequest({
        url: `https://api.example.com/users/${userId}`,
        method: 'GET'
    }, function (err2, res2) {
        if (err2) {
            console.log('Failed to get user details');
            return;
        }
        console.log('User details:', res2.json());
    });
});

Important Notes

Always check for errors in callbacks to avoid silent failures.

Use environment or collection variables to share data between requests.

Workflow sequencing helps test real user flows step-by-step.

Summary

Workflow sequencing runs requests in order, passing data between them.

Use pm.sendRequest to call requests inside scripts.

This helps test multi-step processes reliably.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of workflow sequencing in Postman?

easy

A. To encrypt API requests for security

B. To create visual charts of API responses

C. To automatically generate API documentation

D. To run multiple requests in a specific order and share data between them

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand workflow sequencing

   Workflow sequencing means running requests one after another in a set order.

2. Step 2: Identify the purpose in Postman

   It allows passing data from one request to the next, making multi-step testing reliable.

3. Final Answer:

   To run multiple requests in a specific order and share data between them -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Workflow sequencing = ordered requests with data sharing [OK]

Hint: Think: run requests step-by-step sharing info [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing workflow sequencing with documentation generation
• Thinking it creates charts or encrypts requests
• Believing requests run randomly without order

2. Which Postman script command is used to call another request inside a test script for workflow sequencing?

easy

A. pm.callRequest()

B. pm.sendRequest()

C. pm.executeRequest()

D. pm.runRequest()

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall Postman scripting commands

   Postman provides a method to send HTTP requests programmatically inside scripts.

2. Step 2: Identify the correct method for calling requests

   The correct method is pm.sendRequest(), which sends a request and handles its response.

3. Final Answer:

   pm.sendRequest() -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Call requests inside scripts = pm.sendRequest() [OK]

Hint: Remember: sendRequest sends HTTP calls inside scripts [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using non-existent methods like pm.callRequest()
• Confusing with pm.executeRequest() or pm.runRequest() which don't exist
• Misspelling the method name

3. Consider this Postman test script snippet inside Request A:

pm.sendRequest('https://api.example.com/token', (err, res) => {
  pm.environment.set('token', res.json().access_token);
});

What will be the value of token in environment after this runs?

medium

A. The access_token value from the JSON response of the called request

B. Undefined, because pm.sendRequest does not set environment variables

C. An error, because pm.sendRequest cannot be used inside test scripts

D. The entire JSON response as a string

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand pm.sendRequest callback

   The callback receives the response object res, which can be parsed as JSON.

2. Step 2: Extract and set environment variable

   The script sets token to res.json().access_token, which is the access token string from the response.

3. Final Answer:

   The access_token value from the JSON response of the called request -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   pm.sendRequest sets env var = access_token value [OK]

Hint: pm.sendRequest callback can set env vars from response JSON [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming pm.sendRequest cannot set variables
• Thinking the whole JSON is stored instead of just access_token
• Confusing asynchronous callback behavior

4. You wrote this Postman test script to run Request B after Request A:

pm.sendRequest('https://api.example.com/data', (err, res) => {
  pm.environment.set('dataId', res.json().id);
});
pm.sendRequest('https://api.example.com/details/{{dataId}}', (err, res) => {
  console.log(res.json());
});

Why might the second request fail or use an empty dataId?

medium

A. Because pm.sendRequest cannot be called twice in the same script

B. Because environment variables cannot be used inside pm.sendRequest URLs

C. Because pm.sendRequest is asynchronous, the second request runs before dataId is set

D. Because console.log is not allowed inside pm.sendRequest callbacks

Solution

1. Step 1: Analyze asynchronous behavior of pm.sendRequest

   pm.sendRequest runs asynchronously, so the second call may start before the first finishes.

2. Step 2: Understand timing of environment variable setting

   The variable dataId is set only after the first request completes, so the second request may see it as empty if it runs too soon.

3. Final Answer:

   Because pm.sendRequest is asynchronous, the second request runs before dataId is set -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Async calls need chaining to ensure order [OK]

Hint: Async calls run out of order unless chained properly [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking environment variables can't be used in URLs
• Believing pm.sendRequest can't be called multiple times
• Assuming console.log is disallowed in callbacks

5. You want to test a multi-step user signup flow in Postman using workflow sequencing. The steps are:
1. Create user (returns userId)
2. Verify email (needs userId)
3. Set user preferences (needs userId)

Which approach correctly sequences these requests and shares userId between them?

hard

A. Use pm.sendRequest inside the test script of each step to call the next, setting environment variables for userId

B. Run all requests manually in any order and copy userId between them

C. Use separate Postman collections for each step without sharing variables

D. Call all requests simultaneously using pm.sendRequest without waiting for responses

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand multi-step flow needs ordered execution

   Each step depends on the previous step's userId, so requests must run one after another.

2. Step 2: Use pm.sendRequest with environment variables to pass data

   Calling the next request inside the previous request's test script and setting userId as an environment variable ensures correct sequencing and data sharing.

3. Final Answer:

   Use pm.sendRequest inside the test script of each step to call the next, setting environment variables for userId -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Chain requests with pm.sendRequest and env vars for data flow [OK]

Hint: Chain requests with pm.sendRequest and env vars [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Running requests manually without automation
• Not sharing variables between requests
• Calling requests simultaneously causing race conditions