OS hardening and security best practices in Operating Systems - Cheat Sheet & Quick Revision

Recall & Review

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What is OS hardening?

OS hardening is the process of securing an operating system by reducing its surface of vulnerability. This includes removing unnecessary software, closing unused ports, and applying security patches.

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Why is it important to keep your OS updated with patches?

Keeping your OS updated with patches fixes security vulnerabilities and bugs that attackers could exploit. Regular updates help protect your system from new threats.

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Name three common OS hardening best practices.

1. Disable or remove unnecessary services and software.<br>2. Use strong passwords and enable multi-factor authentication.<br>3. Configure firewalls and limit network access.

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What role does a firewall play in OS security?

A firewall controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules. It helps block unauthorized access and protects the system from network attacks.

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How does disabling unused user accounts improve OS security?

Disabling unused user accounts reduces the number of entry points attackers can use to access the system. It limits potential unauthorized access.

Which of the following is NOT a common OS hardening practice?

A Sharing passwords with colleagues

B Disabling unused services

C Installing all software updates

D Removing unnecessary software

Sharing passwords weakens security and is not a recommended practice.

What is the main purpose of applying security patches to an OS?

A To fix security vulnerabilities

B To increase system speed

C To add new features

D To change the user interface

Security patches fix vulnerabilities that could be exploited by attackers.

Which tool helps control network traffic to and from your OS?

A Task manager

B Text editor

C Disk defragmenter

D Firewall

A firewall manages network traffic to protect the system from unauthorized access.

Why should unused user accounts be disabled?

A To free up disk space

B To speed up the OS

C To reduce potential security risks

D To improve graphics performance

Disabling unused accounts reduces possible entry points for attackers.

Which of these is a strong password practice?

A Using 'password123' for all accounts

B Using a mix of letters, numbers, and symbols

C Writing passwords on a sticky note

D Sharing passwords with friends

Strong passwords use a mix of characters to make guessing difficult.

Explain what OS hardening means and why it is important.

Think about how making your OS safer helps protect your data.

List and describe three best practices for securing an operating system.

Consider what steps you would take to keep your computer safe from hackers.