Edge runtime vs Node.js runtime in NextJS - When to Use Which

The Big Idea

Discover how running code closer to users can make your website feel instant!

The Scenario

Imagine you have a website that needs to respond quickly to users all over the world. You try to run your code on a single server far away from many users.

Every time someone visits, the server takes time to process and send back the response.

The Problem

Using only a traditional Node.js server means requests from distant users travel far, causing delays.

Also, Node.js servers can be heavy and slower to start, making your site feel sluggish.

The Solution

Edge runtimes run your code closer to users, at many locations worldwide, making responses faster.

They start quickly and handle simple tasks efficiently, improving user experience.

Before vs After

✗ Before

app.listen(3000, () => console.log('Server running'))

✓ After

export const runtime = 'edge';
export default function handler(req) { return new Response('Fast response'); }

What It Enables

It enables lightning-fast responses by running code near users, improving speed and scalability.

Real Life Example

A global news site uses edge runtime to deliver breaking news instantly to readers everywhere without delay.

Key Takeaways

Node.js runs on central servers, which can slow down distant users.

Edge runtime runs code near users, speeding up responses.

Choosing the right runtime improves website speed and user happiness.