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Microservicessystem_design~12 mins

Single responsibility per service in Microservices - Architecture Diagram

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System Overview - Single responsibility per service

This system is designed using microservices where each service has a single responsibility. Each service handles one specific business function, making the system easier to maintain, scale, and update without affecting other parts.

Key requirements include clear separation of concerns, independent deployment, and fault isolation.

Architecture Diagram
User
  |
  v
Load Balancer
  |
  v
API Gateway
  |
  +----------------+----------------+----------------+
  |                |                |
  v                v                v
Order Service   Payment Service   Inventory Service
  |                |                |
  v                v                v
Order DB        Payment DB       Inventory DB
  |                |                |
  +----------------+----------------+----------------+
                   |
                   v
                Cache Layer
Components
User
client
Initiates requests to the system
Load Balancer
load_balancer
Distributes incoming requests evenly to API Gateway instances
API Gateway
api_gateway
Routes requests to appropriate microservices based on request type
Order Service
service
Handles all order-related operations
Payment Service
service
Manages payment processing and transactions
Inventory Service
service
Manages product inventory and stock levels
Order DB
database
Stores order data
Payment DB
database
Stores payment transaction data
Inventory DB
database
Stores inventory data
Cache Layer
cache
Speeds up data retrieval for frequently accessed data
Request Flow - 11 Hops
User → Load Balancer
Load Balancer → API Gateway
API Gateway → Order Service
Order Service → Cache Layer
Cache Layer → Order Service
Order Service → Order DB
Order DB → Order Service
Order Service → Cache Layer
Order Service → API Gateway
API Gateway → Load Balancer
Load Balancer → User
Failure Scenario
Component Fails:Order DB
Impact:Order Service cannot retrieve or store order data; new orders fail but cached data can still be served
Mitigation:Use database replication for failover; cache serves stale data temporarily; alert system triggers for manual intervention
Architecture Quiz - 3 Questions
Test your understanding
Which component directs user requests to the correct microservice?
AAPI Gateway
BLoad Balancer
CCache Layer
DOrder DB
Design Principle
This architecture demonstrates the single responsibility principle by assigning each microservice one clear function with its own database. This separation improves maintainability, scalability, and fault isolation, allowing teams to work independently and deploy changes without affecting unrelated parts.