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Microservicessystem_design~12 mins

REST API between services in Microservices - Architecture Diagram

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System Overview - REST API between services

This system shows how multiple microservices communicate using REST APIs. Each service exposes endpoints that other services call over HTTP. The design ensures clear separation of concerns, scalability, and easy maintenance.

Key requirements include reliable inter-service communication, load balancing, and caching to improve performance.

Architecture Diagram
User
  |
  v
Load Balancer
  |
  v
API Gateway
  |
  +-------------------+
  |                   |
  v                   v
Service A           Service B
  |                   |
  v                   v
Cache A             Cache B
  |                   |
  v                   v
Database A          Database B
Components
User
client
Initiates requests to the system
Load Balancer
load_balancer
Distributes incoming requests evenly across API Gateway instances
API Gateway
api_gateway
Routes requests to appropriate microservices and handles authentication
Service A
service
Handles specific business logic and exposes REST API endpoints
Service B
service
Handles another business domain and exposes REST API endpoints
Cache A
cache
Stores frequently accessed data for Service A to reduce database load
Cache B
cache
Stores frequently accessed data for Service B to reduce database load
Database A
database
Persistent storage for Service A data
Database B
database
Persistent storage for Service B data
Request Flow - 11 Hops
User → Load Balancer
Load Balancer → API Gateway
API Gateway → Service A
Service A → Cache A
Cache A → Service A
Service A → Database A
Database A → Service A
Service A → Cache A
Service A → API Gateway
API Gateway → Load Balancer
Load Balancer → User
Failure Scenario
Component Fails:Cache A
Impact:Service A experiences higher latency due to cache misses; database load increases
Mitigation:Service A falls back to querying Database A directly; cache is rebuilt asynchronously
Architecture Quiz - 3 Questions
Test your understanding
Which component routes requests to the correct microservice?
ALoad Balancer
BAPI Gateway
CCache
DDatabase
Design Principle
This architecture demonstrates how REST APIs enable microservices to communicate clearly and independently. Using an API Gateway centralizes routing and security. Caches improve performance by reducing database load. Load balancers ensure scalability and availability.