Microservicessystem_design~12 mins

Popular gateways (Kong, AWS API Gateway, Nginx) in Microservices - Architecture Diagram

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System Overview - Popular gateways (Kong, AWS API Gateway, Nginx)

This system demonstrates how popular API gateways like Kong, AWS API Gateway, and Nginx manage incoming client requests to microservices. The gateways handle routing, security, and traffic control before forwarding requests to backend services.

Architecture Diagram

User
  |
  v
Load Balancer
  |
  v
API Gateway (Kong / AWS API Gateway / Nginx)
  |
  v
Microservices Cluster
  |
  v
Database
  |
  v
Cache

Components

User

client

Initiates requests to the system

Load Balancer

load_balancer

Distributes incoming traffic evenly to API gateways

API Gateway (Kong / AWS API Gateway / Nginx)

api_gateway

Manages routing, authentication, rate limiting, and request transformation

Microservices Cluster

service

Handles business logic and processes client requests

Database

database

Stores persistent data for microservices

Cache

cache

Speeds up data retrieval by storing frequently accessed data

Request Flow - 10 Hops

User → Load Balancer

Load Balancer → API Gateway (Kong / AWS API Gateway / Nginx)

API Gateway (Kong / AWS API Gateway / Nginx) → Microservices Cluster

Microservices Cluster → Cache

Cache → Microservices Cluster

Microservices Cluster → Database

Database → Microservices Cluster

Microservices Cluster → API Gateway (Kong / AWS API Gateway / Nginx)

API Gateway (Kong / AWS API Gateway / Nginx) → Load Balancer

Load Balancer → User

Failure Scenario

Component Fails:API Gateway (Kong / AWS API Gateway / Nginx)

Impact:All incoming requests fail to route to microservices, causing service unavailability.

Mitigation:Deploy multiple API gateway instances behind the load balancer for redundancy and failover.

Architecture Quiz - 3 Questions

Test your understanding

Which component is responsible for routing and authentication of client requests?

AAPI Gateway (Kong / AWS API Gateway / Nginx)

BLoad Balancer

CCache

DDatabase

Design Principle

This architecture shows how API gateways act as a central point for managing client requests, providing security and routing before requests reach microservices. Load balancers ensure traffic is evenly distributed for scalability and availability. Caches improve performance by reducing database load.