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Microservicessystem_design~12 mins

Microservices characteristics - Architecture Diagram

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System Overview - Microservices characteristics

This system shows a typical microservices architecture. It breaks a big application into small, independent services. Each service does one job well and talks to others through simple messages. This helps the system grow easily and fix problems faster.

Architecture Diagram
User
  |
  v
Load Balancer
  |
  v
API Gateway
  |
  +-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+
  |                   |                   |                   |                   |
Service A          Service B           Service C           Service D
  |                   |                   |                   |
Database A         Database B          Database C          Database D
  |                   |                   |                   |
Cache A            Cache B             Cache C             Cache D
Components
User
user
Person or system making requests to the application
Load Balancer
load_balancer
Distributes incoming requests evenly to API Gateway instances
API Gateway
api_gateway
Single entry point that routes requests to appropriate microservices
Service A
service
Handles a specific business function independently
Service B
service
Handles another specific business function independently
Service C
service
Handles a third business function independently
Service D
service
Handles a fourth business function independently
Database A
database
Stores data for Service A only, ensuring data isolation
Database B
database
Stores data for Service B only, ensuring data isolation
Database C
database
Stores data for Service C only, ensuring data isolation
Database D
database
Stores data for Service D only, ensuring data isolation
Cache A
cache
Speeds up data access for Service A
Cache B
cache
Speeds up data access for Service B
Cache C
cache
Speeds up data access for Service C
Cache D
cache
Speeds up data access for Service D
Request Flow - 11 Hops
User → Load Balancer
Load Balancer → API Gateway
API Gateway → Service A
Service A → Cache A
Cache A → Service A
Service A → Database A
Database A → Service A
Service A → Cache A
Service A → API Gateway
API Gateway → Load Balancer
Load Balancer → User
Failure Scenario
Component Fails:Database A
Impact:Service A cannot write or read fresh data; cache may serve stale data
Mitigation:Use database replication for failover; cache serves stale data temporarily; alert team for repair
Architecture Quiz - 3 Questions
Test your understanding
Which component directs user requests to the correct microservice?
ACache
BLoad Balancer
CAPI Gateway
DDatabase
Design Principle
This architecture shows how microservices break a big app into small, independent parts. Each service owns its data and logic, improving flexibility and fault isolation. Using API Gateway and load balancer helps manage traffic and routing efficiently.