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LLDsystem_design~12 mins

Room type hierarchy in LLD - Architecture Diagram

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System Overview - Room type hierarchy

This system models a hierarchy of room types for a building or hotel management application. It organizes rooms into categories and subcategories to allow easy classification and retrieval based on features or usage.

Key requirements include supporting inheritance of properties from parent room types and enabling efficient queries for room details.

Architecture Diagram
User
  |
  v
Room Type Service
  |
  v
Room Type Hierarchy Store
  |
  +--> Cache
  |
  +--> Database
Components
User
user
Initiates requests to query or manage room types
Room Type Service
service
Handles business logic for room type hierarchy management and queries
Room Type Hierarchy Store
logical_store
Abstracts storage of room type data with hierarchy relationships
Cache
cache
Stores frequently accessed room type data for fast retrieval
Database
database
Persistent storage of room type hierarchy and details
Request Flow - 7 Hops
User → Room Type Service
Room Type Service → Cache
Cache → Room Type Service
Room Type Service → Database
Database → Room Type Service
Room Type Service → Cache
Room Type Service → User
Failure Scenario
Component Fails:Cache
Impact:Cache misses increase, causing more database queries and higher latency
Mitigation:System continues to function by querying database directly; cache rebuilds on requests
Architecture Quiz - 3 Questions
Test your understanding
Which component is responsible for storing the persistent room type hierarchy?
ACache
BDatabase
CRoom Type Service
DUser
Design Principle
This design uses a cache to speed up frequent room type queries, reducing load on the database and improving response times. The hierarchy is stored persistently in the database, while the service layer manages business logic and data retrieval.