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LLDsystem_design~12 mins

Pricing strategy (discounts, coupons) in LLD - Architecture Diagram

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System Overview - Pricing strategy (discounts, coupons)

This system manages pricing strategies including discounts and coupons for an e-commerce platform. It ensures that users receive correct price adjustments based on active promotions, coupon validity, and business rules.

Key requirements include validating coupons, calculating discounts, and applying them efficiently during checkout.

Architecture Diagram
User
  |
  v
Load Balancer
  |
  v
API Gateway
  |
  +-------------------+
  |                   |
Pricing Service   Coupon Service
  |                   |
  v                   v
Cache               Database
  |                   |
  +---------+---------+
            |
            v
        Database
Components
User
client
Initiates requests to apply discounts or coupons during checkout
Load Balancer
load_balancer
Distributes incoming user requests evenly to API Gateway instances
API Gateway
api_gateway
Routes requests to appropriate backend services and handles authentication
Pricing Service
service
Calculates final prices after applying discounts and business rules
Coupon Service
service
Validates coupons and manages coupon data
Cache
cache
Stores frequently accessed coupon and discount data for fast retrieval
Database
database
Stores persistent data for coupons, discounts, and pricing rules
Request Flow - 14 Hops
User → Load Balancer
Load Balancer → API Gateway
API Gateway → Coupon Service
Coupon Service → Cache
Cache → Coupon Service
Coupon Service → Database
Coupon Service → API Gateway
API Gateway → Pricing Service
Pricing Service → Cache
Cache → Pricing Service
Pricing Service → Database
Pricing Service → API Gateway
API Gateway → Load Balancer
Load Balancer → User
Failure Scenario
Component Fails:Cache
Impact:Coupon and discount lookups become slower due to direct database queries, increasing latency.
Mitigation:System falls back to database queries for coupon and discount data. Cache is rebuilt asynchronously to restore performance.
Architecture Quiz - 3 Questions
Test your understanding
Which component is responsible for validating coupon codes?
AAPI Gateway
BCoupon Service
CPricing Service
DLoad Balancer
Design Principle
This architecture separates concerns by using dedicated services for coupon validation and pricing calculation. It uses caching to improve performance and a load balancer to handle traffic distribution, ensuring scalability and responsiveness.