KStream and KTable concepts in Kafka - Interactive Code Practice

Practice - 5 Tasks

1fill in blank

easy

Complete the code to create a KStream from the topic 'input-topic'.

Kafka

KStream<String, String> stream = builder.stream([1]);

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Atopic("input-topic")

Binput-topic

Cstream("input-topic")

D"input-topic"

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Forgetting to put quotes around the topic name.

Passing a variable without quotes.

Using incorrect method names.

The stream() method expects the topic name as a string in quotes.

2fill in blank

medium

Complete the code to create a KTable from the topic 'users'.

Kafka

KTable<String, String> table = builder.table([1]);

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Atopic("users")

Busers

C"users"

Dtable("users")

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Passing the topic name without quotes.

Using incorrect method calls inside the argument.

The table() method requires the topic name as a string literal.

3fill in blank

hard

Fix the error in the code to convert a KStream to a KTable.

Kafka

KTable<String, String> table = stream.[1]();

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AtoStream

BtoTable

CtoKTable

DasTable

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using toStream() which converts to a stream, not a table.

Using non-existent methods like toKTable() or asTable().

The correct method to convert a KStream to a KTable is toTable().

4fill in blank

hard

Fill both blanks to filter a KStream for values greater than 100 and map keys to uppercase.

Kafka

KStream<String, Integer> filtered = stream.filter((key, value) -> value [1] 100).mapKeys((key, value) -> key.[2]());

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

A>

B<

CtoUpperCase

DtoLowerCase

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using less than symbol instead of greater than.

Using toLowerCase() instead of toUpperCase().

We filter values greater than 100 using > and convert keys to uppercase with toUpperCase().

5fill in blank

hard

Fill all three blanks to create a KTable from a topic, filter entries with values not null, and map values to their length.

Kafka

KTable<String, Integer> result = builder.table([1]).filter((key, value) -> value [2] null).mapValues(value -> value.[3]());

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

A"events"

B!=

Clength

D==

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using equality operator instead of not equal.

Forgetting quotes around the topic name.

Using incorrect method names for string length.

The topic name is a string "events". We filter values not equal to null using != and get the length of the value string with length().

Practice

1. Which statement best describes the difference between KStream and KTable in Kafka Streams?

easy

A. KTable is used for event processing, and KStream is used for batch processing.

B. KStream processes continuous event streams, while KTable maintains the latest state of data.

C. KStream stores data permanently, while KTable only processes events temporarily.

D. KStream and KTable are identical and can be used interchangeably.

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand KStream purpose

   KStream is designed to handle continuous streams of events as they happen.

2. Step 2: Understand KTable purpose

   KTable keeps track of the latest state of data, updating as new information arrives.

3. Final Answer:

   KStream processes continuous event streams, while KTable maintains the latest state of data. -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   KStream = events, KTable = state [OK]

Hint: Remember: Stream = events, Table = current state [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking KStream stores data permanently
• Confusing KTable as batch processor
• Assuming KStream and KTable are the same

2. Which of the following is the correct way to create a KTable from a Kafka topic named users in Java?

easy

A. builder.createKTable("users");

B. builder.stream("users").toTable();

C. builder.table("users");

D. builder.getTable("users");

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall KTable creation syntax

   In Kafka Streams Java API, KTable is created using builder.table(topicName).

2. Step 2: Check options for correct method

   Only builder.table("users") matches the correct syntax.

3. Final Answer:

   builder.table("users") -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   KTable created with builder.table(topic) [OK]

Hint: Use builder.table() to create KTable from topic [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using builder.stream() then toTable() which is invalid
• Trying non-existent methods like createKTable()
• Confusing KStream and KTable creation methods

3. Given the following Kafka Streams code snippet, what will be the output printed?

var stream = builder.stream("orders");
var table = builder.table("orders");
stream.foreach((k, v) -> System.out.println("Stream: " + k + ":" + v));
table.toStream().foreach((k, v) -> System.out.println("Table: " + k + ":" + v));

Assuming the topic orders has these records in order: (1, "A"), (1, "B"), (2, "C").

medium

A. Stream prints all three records; Table prints only latest for each key: (1, "B") and (2, "C")

B. Stream prints only latest record per key; Table prints all records

C. Both Stream and Table print all three records

D. Stream prints no records; Table prints all three records

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand KStream output

   KStream processes every event as it arrives, so it prints all three records: Stream: 1:A, Stream: 1:B, Stream: 2:C.

2. Step 2: Understand KTable.toStream() output

   KTable.toStream() emits the latest update per key. It will print updates for key 1 twice (first "A", then "B") and key 2 once ("C"). However, in practice, KTable.toStream() emits only the latest update per key, so the final output for the table stream will be (1, "B") and (2, "C").

3. Final Answer:

   Stream prints all three records; Table prints only latest for each key: (1, "B") and (2, "C") -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   KStream emits all events; KTable.toStream() emits latest per key [OK]

Hint: KStream prints all events; KTable.toStream() prints latest per key [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking KTable.toStream() prints all updates
• Thinking KStream shows only latest per key
• Confusing output order between stream and table

4. You wrote this code to convert a KStream to a KTable:

var stream = builder.stream("events");
var table = stream.toTable();

But it throws a compilation error. What is the likely cause?

medium

A. toTable() method does not exist on KStream interface.

B. You cannot convert a KStream to a KTable at all.

C. You must specify a key serde when converting to KTable.

D. You need to call toTable() with a materialized state store.

Solution

1. Step 1: Check KStream toTable() method requirements

   In Kafka Streams, toTable() requires a Materialized parameter to define state store details.

2. Step 2: Identify missing parameter causing error

   Not providing Materialized causes compilation error because Kafka Streams needs to know how to store the table.

3. Final Answer:

   You need to call toTable() with a materialized state store. -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   toTable() needs Materialized param [OK]

Hint: toTable() requires Materialized argument [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming toTable() exists without parameters
• Thinking conversion is impossible
• Ignoring state store configuration

5. You want to build a Kafka Streams application that tracks the latest price of products and also processes every price update event for analytics. Which combination should you use?

hard

A. Use a KTable to keep latest prices and a KStream to process all price update events.

B. Use only a KStream for both latest prices and event processing.

C. Use only a KTable because it handles both events and state.

D. Use a KStream for latest prices and a KTable for event processing.

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify need for latest state tracking

   Tracking latest prices requires a KTable because it maintains the current state per product.

2. Step 2: Identify need for processing all events

   Processing every price update event for analytics requires a KStream to handle all incoming events.

3. Step 3: Combine both correctly

   Use KTable for latest prices and KStream for event processing simultaneously.

4. Final Answer:

   Use a KTable to keep latest prices and a KStream to process all price update events. -> Option A

5. Quick Check:

   KTable = state, KStream = all events [OK]

Hint: Use KTable for state, KStream for event analytics [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using only KStream loses latest state
• Using only KTable misses event details
• Swapping roles of KStream and KTable