Java Program to Print Multiplication Table

You can print a multiplication table in Java using a for loop like this: for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { System.out.println(number + " x " + i + " = " + (number * i)); } where number is the base number for the table.

Examples

Inputnumber = 2

Output2 x 1 = 2 2 x 2 = 4 2 x 3 = 6 2 x 4 = 8 2 x 5 = 10 2 x 6 = 12 2 x 7 = 14 2 x 8 = 16 2 x 9 = 18 2 x 10 = 20

Inputnumber = 5

Output5 x 1 = 5 5 x 2 = 10 5 x 3 = 15 5 x 4 = 20 5 x 5 = 25 5 x 6 = 30 5 x 7 = 35 5 x 8 = 40 5 x 9 = 45 5 x 10 = 50

Inputnumber = 0

Output0 x 1 = 0 0 x 2 = 0 0 x 3 = 0 0 x 4 = 0 0 x 5 = 0 0 x 6 = 0 0 x 7 = 0 0 x 8 = 0 0 x 9 = 0 0 x 10 = 0

How to Think About It

To print a multiplication table, think of counting from 1 to 10 and multiplying each count by the chosen number. For each step, you show the number, the multiplier, and the result. This repeats until you reach 10.

Algorithm

1

Get the number for which to print the multiplication table.

2

Start a loop from 1 to 10.

3

Multiply the number by the current loop count.

4

Print the multiplication expression and result.

5

Repeat until the loop reaches 10.

Code

java

public class MultiplicationTable {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int number = 5; // Change this to print a different table
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            System.out.println(number + " x " + i + " = " + (number * i));
        }
    }
}

Output

5 x 1 = 5
5 x 2 = 10
5 x 3 = 15
5 x 4 = 20
5 x 5 = 25
5 x 6 = 30
5 x 7 = 35
5 x 8 = 40
5 x 9 = 45
5 x 10 = 50

Dry Run

Let's trace the multiplication table for number = 3 through the code

1

Set number

number = 3

2

Start loop

i = 1

3

Calculate and print

3 x 1 = 3

4

Increment loop

i = 2

5

Calculate and print

3 x 2 = 6

i	number * i	Output
1	3	3 x 1 = 3
2	6	3 x 2 = 6
3	9	3 x 3 = 9
4	12	3 x 4 = 12
5	15	3 x 5 = 15
6	18	3 x 6 = 18
7	21	3 x 7 = 21
8	24	3 x 8 = 24
9	27	3 x 9 = 27
10	30	3 x 10 = 30

Why This Works

Step 1: Loop from 1 to 10

The for loop runs 10 times, each time increasing the multiplier by 1.

Step 2: Multiply and print

Inside the loop, the program multiplies the base number by the current multiplier and prints the result.

Step 3: Repeat until 10

This repeats until the multiplier reaches 10, printing the full multiplication table.

Alternative Approaches

Using while loop

java

public class MultiplicationTable {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int number = 5;
        int i = 1;
        while (i <= 10) {
            System.out.println(number + " x " + i + " = " + (number * i));
            i++;
        }
    }
}

This uses a <code>while</code> loop instead of <code>for</code>, which is more flexible but slightly longer.

Using recursion

java

public class MultiplicationTable {
    public static void printTable(int number, int i) {
        if (i > 10) return;
        System.out.println(number + " x " + i + " = " + (number * i));
        printTable(number, i + 1);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        printTable(5, 1);
    }
}

This uses recursion to print the table, which is elegant but less common for simple loops.

Complexity: O(1) time, O(1) space

Time Complexity

The loop runs exactly 10 times, so the time is constant, O(1), regardless of the number.

Space Complexity

Only a few variables are used, so space is constant, O(1).

Which Approach is Fastest?

All approaches run in constant time; the for loop is simplest and most readable.

Approach	Time	Space	Best For
For loop	O(1)	O(1)	Simple and clear code
While loop	O(1)	O(1)	Flexible looping
Recursion	O(1)	O(1)	Elegant but less common for this task