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Intro to Computingfundamentals~10 mins

IP addresses and domain names in Intro to Computing - Flowchart & Logic Diagram

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Process Overview

When you want to visit a website, your computer uses an IP address to find it. But since IP addresses are hard to remember, domain names are used instead. This process shows how your computer finds the website's IP address using the domain name.

Flowchart
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This flowchart shows how a computer uses a domain name to find the corresponding IP address by first checking local cache and then querying a DNS server if needed.
Step-by-Step Trace - 6 Steps
Step 1: User types 'example.com' in the browser.
Step 2: Computer checks if 'example.com' IP address is in local cache.
Step 3: Since IP not found locally, computer sends request to DNS server.
Step 4: DNS server looks up IP address for 'example.com'.
Step 5: DNS server finds IP address 93.184.216.34 and returns it.
Step 6: Computer uses IP address to connect to the website.
Diagram
 +----------------+       +----------------+       +----------------+
 |   User Device  |       |   DNS Server   |       |  Website Server |
 | (Browser)      |       |                |       |                |
 +-------+--------+       +--------+-------+       +--------+-------+
         |                         |                        |
         | 1. Enter domain name    |                        |
         |------------------------>|                        |
         |                         |                        |
         | 2. Check local cache    |                        |
         |<------------------------|                        |
         |                         |                        |
         | 3. Query DNS if needed  |                        |
         |------------------------>|                        |
         |                         | 4. Lookup IP address    |
         |                         |----------------------->|
         |                         |                        |
         |                         | 5. Return IP address    |
         |                         |<-----------------------|
         | 6. Connect to IP address|                        |
         |------------------------------------------------->|
This diagram shows the interaction between the user's device, the DNS server, and the website server during the process of resolving a domain name to an IP address and connecting to the website.
Flowchart Quiz - 3 Questions
Test your understanding
What does the computer check first when resolving a domain name?
AWebsite server directly
BDNS server for the IP address
CLocal cache for the IP address
DUser's browsing history
Key Result
Domain names are user-friendly labels that computers translate into IP addresses using DNS to connect to websites.