Sharing volumes between containers in Docker - Mini Project: Build & Apply

Sharing volumes between containers

📖 Scenario: You are working on a project where two Docker containers need to share files. One container will create a file, and the other container will read it. This is common when containers need to exchange data without using a network.

🎯 Goal: Build two Docker containers that share a volume. The first container writes a file to the shared volume. The second container reads and displays the file content from the same volume.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a Docker volume named shared_data

Run a container named writer that writes a file /data/message.txt with the text Hello from writer container!

Run a container named reader that reads and prints the content of /data/message.txt

Both containers must use the shared_data volume mounted at /data

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

Sharing volumes between containers is common when multiple services need access to the same files, such as logs, configuration, or data files.

💼 Career

Understanding Docker volumes is essential for DevOps roles to manage persistent data and enable communication between containers in real projects.

1

Create a Docker volume named shared_data

Write the Docker command to create a volume called shared_data.

Docker

# Your code here

Hint

Use docker volume create followed by the volume name.

2

Run a container named writer that writes a file to the volume

Write the Docker command to run a container named writer that mounts the shared_data volume at /data and writes the text Hello from writer container! into the file /data/message.txt. Use the alpine image and the command sh -c "echo 'Hello from writer container!' > /data/message.txt".

Docker

docker volume create shared_data
# Your code here

Hint

Use docker run --rm --name writer -v shared_data:/data alpine sh -c "echo 'Hello from writer container!' > /data/message.txt".

3

Run a container named reader that reads the file from the volume

Write the Docker command to run a container named reader that mounts the shared_data volume at /data and reads the content of /data/message.txt using cat. Use the alpine image and the command cat /data/message.txt.

Docker

docker volume create shared_data
docker run --rm --name writer -v shared_data:/data alpine sh -c "echo 'Hello from writer container!' > /data/message.txt"
# Your code here

Hint

Use docker run --rm --name reader -v shared_data:/data alpine cat /data/message.txt.

4

Display the content of the shared file from the reader container

Run the full set of commands to create the volume, write the file, and then read and print the file content. The output should be exactly Hello from writer container!.

Docker

docker volume create shared_data
docker run --rm --name writer -v shared_data:/data alpine sh -c "echo 'Hello from writer container!' > /data/message.txt"
docker run --rm --name reader -v shared_data:/data alpine cat /data/message.txt
# Run the commands and observe the output

Hint

Run all commands in order. The last command prints the message.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of sharing volumes between Docker containers?

easy

A. To automatically update container images

B. To increase the CPU performance of containers

C. To allow containers to access and modify the same files

D. To isolate containers completely from each other

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand volume sharing concept

   Sharing volumes means multiple containers can read and write the same files stored in a volume.

2. Step 2: Identify the purpose of sharing volumes

   This allows containers to share data easily, like sharing notes or files in a folder between friends.

3. Final Answer:

   To allow containers to access and modify the same files -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Sharing volumes = shared files access [OK]

Hint: Sharing volumes means sharing files between containers [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking volumes improve CPU or performance
• Confusing volume sharing with container isolation
• Assuming volumes update container images automatically

2. Which Docker command syntax correctly shares a volume named shared_data between two containers app1 and app2?

easy

A. docker run --volumes shared_data:/data --name app1 busybox

B. docker run -v shared_data:/data --name app1 busybox

C. docker run -v /shared_data:/data --name app1 busybox

D. docker run -v shared_data --name app1 --link app2 busybox

Solution

1. Step 1: Check volume syntax for sharing

   The correct syntax to share a named volume is -v volume_name:container_path. docker run -v shared_data:/data --name app1 busybox uses -v shared_data:/data which is correct.

2. Step 2: Verify other options

   docker run --volumes shared_data:/data --name app1 busybox uses invalid --volumes flag (should be --volume or -v). docker run -v /shared_data:/data --name app1 busybox uses a host path, not a named volume. docker run -v shared_data --name app1 --link app2 busybox uses incomplete volume syntax (missing :/data) and --link which is unrelated to volume sharing.

3. Final Answer:

   docker run -v shared_data:/data --name app1 busybox -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Use -v volume_name:path to share volumes [OK]

Hint: Use -v volume_name:container_path to share volumes [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using host paths instead of named volumes
• Confusing --link with volume sharing
• Using incorrect volume syntax

3. Given these commands, what will be the output of docker exec app2 cat /data/message.txt?

docker volume create shared_vol
docker run -d -v shared_vol:/data --name app1 busybox sh -c "echo Hello > /data/message.txt"
docker run -d -v shared_vol:/data --name app2 busybox sleep 1000

medium

A. Empty output

B. Error: file not found

C. Container app2 does not exist

D. Hello

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand volume sharing effect

   Both containers use the same volume shared_vol mounted at /data. Writing in app1 creates the file in the shared volume.

2. Step 2: Check file access from app2

   Since app2 mounts the same volume, it can read the file /data/message.txt created by app1. So the command outputs "Hello".

3. Final Answer:

   Hello -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Shared volume files visible in all containers [OK]

Hint: Shared volumes show same files in all containers [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming files are isolated per container
• Expecting file not found error
• Confusing container names or existence

4. You tried to share a volume between two containers but the second container cannot see the files created by the first. Which of these is the most likely cause?

medium

A. The volume was not named the same in both containers

B. The containers are running different images

C. The containers are on different networks

D. The first container did not expose ports

Solution

1. Step 1: Check volume naming consistency

   For containers to share data, they must use the exact same volume name. Different names create separate volumes.

2. Step 2: Evaluate other options

   Different images or networks do not affect volume sharing. Port exposure is unrelated to file sharing.

3. Final Answer:

   The volume was not named the same in both containers -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Same volume name needed to share data [OK]

Hint: Use identical volume names to share data [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking network or image affects volume sharing
• Confusing port exposure with volumes
• Using different volume names by mistake

5. You want two containers to share a volume but keep their own separate data initially, then merge changes later. Which Docker feature or approach helps achieve this?

hard

A. Use named volumes with different initial content and copy files manually

B. Use a bind mount to a host directory shared by both containers

C. Use Docker networks to share data between containers

D. Run containers with --rm to remove volumes after exit

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand volume sharing with initial separate data

   Named volumes start empty by default. To have separate initial data, create volumes separately and copy files manually.

2. Step 2: Consider merging changes later

   After initial separate data, you can copy or sync files between volumes or containers to merge changes.

3. Step 3: Evaluate other options

   Bind mounts share host directories but do not isolate initial data. Networks do not share files. --rm removes containers and volumes, not helpful here.

4. Final Answer:

   Use named volumes with different initial content and copy files manually -> Option A

5. Quick Check:

   Named volumes + manual copy = separate then merge [OK]

Hint: Start with separate volumes, copy files to merge later [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming networks share files
• Using --rm which deletes volumes
• Thinking bind mounts isolate initial data