Complete the code to identify the type of schedule that ensures transactions appear to execute one after another.
A schedule is called [1] serializable if it is equivalent to some serial schedule.
A conflict serializable schedule is one that can be transformed into a serial schedule by swapping non-conflicting operations.
Complete the code to describe the condition for two operations to conflict.
Two operations conflict if they access the same data item and at least one of them is a [1] operation.
Two operations conflict if they access the same data item and at least one is a write operation, because writes can change data.
Fix the error in the statement about conflict serializability.
If a schedule has no cycle in its [1] graph, it is conflict serializable.
A schedule is conflict serializable if and only if its precedence graph has no cycles. A cycle means conflicts that prevent serializability.
Fill both blanks to complete the code that builds a precedence graph for conflict serializability.
For each pair of conflicting operations, add an edge from transaction [1] to transaction [2] in the precedence graph.
Edges in the precedence graph go from the transaction performing the first conflicting operation to the one performing the second.
Fill all three blanks to complete the code that checks conflict serializability using a precedence graph.
Build the graph with nodes as transactions, add edges for conflicts, then check if the graph has any [1]. If no cycles, the schedule is [2] serializable; otherwise, it is [3] serializable.
The presence of cycles in the precedence graph means the schedule is not conflict serializable. Without cycles, it is conflict serializable.