Parent commands in Cypress - Build an Automation Script

Verify parent command usage to find child element

Preconditions (2)

Step 1: Open the web page at 'http://localhost:3000/items'

Step 2: Locate the <ul> element with id 'item-list'

Step 3: Use the parent command to find the <li> child elements inside the <ul>

Step 4: Verify that the first <li> element contains the text 'Item 1'

✅ Expected Result: The first <li> child element inside the <ul> with id 'item-list' contains the text 'Item 1'

Automation Requirements - Cypress

Assertions Needed:

Verify the <ul> element with id 'item-list' exists

Verify the first <li> child element inside the <ul> contains text 'Item 1'

Best Practices:

Use cy.get() with id selector for parent element

Use .children() or .find() to locate child elements

Use .first() to select the first child

Use .should() for assertions

Avoid hardcoding XPath selectors

Use explicit waits implicitly handled by Cypress commands

Automated Solution

Cypress

describe('Parent commands test', () => {
  it('should find first child li using parent commands', () => {
    cy.visit('http://localhost:3000/items');
    cy.get('#item-list')
      .children('li')
      .first()
      .should('contain.text', 'Item 1');
  });
});

This test opens the page at the given URL.

It uses cy.get('#item-list') to select the parent <ul> element by its id.

Then it uses .children('li') to get all direct <li> child elements.

.first() selects the first <li> child.

Finally, .should('contain.text', 'Item 1') asserts that this first child contains the expected text.

This approach follows Cypress best practices by using clear selectors and built-in commands for parent-child relationships.

Common Mistakes - 3 Pitfalls

Using cy.get() with a complex XPath to find child elements

{'mistake': 'Using .parent() instead of .children() to find child elements', 'why_bad': ".parent() moves up the DOM tree, not down to children, so it won't find child elements.", 'correct_approach': 'Use .children() or .find() to locate child elements from a parent.'}

{'mistake': 'Not waiting for the page to load before selecting elements', 'why_bad': 'Elements may not be present yet, causing test failures.', 'correct_approach': "Use cy.visit() and rely on Cypress's automatic waiting before querying elements."}

Bonus Challenge

Now add data-driven testing to verify the first child text for three different lists with ids 'item-list1', 'item-list2', and 'item-list3' each having different expected first item texts.

Show Hint

Practice

1. What does the Cypress parent() command do?

easy

A. It finds the direct parent element of the current element.

B. It finds all child elements inside the current element.

C. It clicks on the current element.

D. It waits for the element to appear on the page.

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the purpose of parent()

   The parent() command in Cypress is used to get the immediate parent of the selected element in the DOM tree.

2. Step 2: Compare with other options

   Options A, B, and D describe different commands or actions unrelated to parent(). Only It finds the direct parent element of the current element. correctly describes the direct parent selection.

3. Final Answer:

   It finds the direct parent element of the current element. -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   parent() = direct parent element [OK]

Hint: Remember: parent() gets one level up in the DOM tree [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing parent() with children()
• Thinking parent() clicks the element
• Assuming parent() waits for elements

2. Which of the following is the correct syntax to get the parent of an element with class child-item in Cypress?

easy

A. cy.get('.child-item').children();

B. cy.get('.child-item').parents();

C. cy.get('.child-item').parent('.parent-item');

D. cy.get('.child-item').parent();

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify the basic parent command syntax

   The basic syntax to get the direct parent is cy.get(selector).parent();. This returns the immediate parent element.

2. Step 2: Analyze options

   cy.get('.child-item').parents(); uses parents() which gets all ancestors, not just the direct parent. cy.get('.child-item').parent('.parent-item'); filters the direct parent to only those matching '.parent-item', but the question does not specify the parent's class. cy.get('.child-item').children(); gets children, not parent.

3. Final Answer:

   cy.get('.child-item').parent(); -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Correct syntax = cy.get(...).parent() [OK]

Hint: Use parent() without arguments for direct parent [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using parents() instead of parent()
• Trying to pass selector directly inside parent() incorrectly
• Confusing children() with parent()

3. What will the following Cypress code select?

cy.get('.list-item').parent('.list-container').should('have.class', 'active');

medium

A. All parents of '.list-item' with class 'list-container' regardless of other classes.

B. The direct parent of '.list-item' that has class 'list-container' and also has class 'active'.

C. The child elements of '.list-item' with class 'active'.

D. The '.list-item' elements themselves if they have class 'active'.

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the parent() with selector

   The parent('.list-container') command filters the direct parent to only those with class list-container.

2. Step 2: Understand the assertion

   The should('have.class', 'active') asserts that the selected parent element also has the class active.

3. Final Answer:

   The direct parent of '.list-item' that has class 'list-container' and also has class 'active'. -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   parent(selector) filters direct parent [OK]

Hint: parent(selector) filters direct parent by selector [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking parents() selects only direct parent
• Confusing child elements with parent elements
• Ignoring the filter selector in parent()

4. You wrote this Cypress code but it fails:

cy.get('.button').parent('.container').click();

What is the likely cause of the failure?

medium

A. The parent element with class 'container' does not exist directly above '.button'.

B. The parent() command cannot be chained with click().

C. The selector '.button' is invalid.

D. You must use parents() instead of parent().

Solution

1. Step 1: Check the parent selector usage

   The parent('.container') filters the direct parent to only those with class 'container'. If no direct parent matches, the command yields no element.

2. Step 2: Understand why click() fails

   Since no element is found, click() fails because it has nothing to act on.

3. Final Answer:

   The parent element with class 'container' does not exist directly above '.button'. -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   parent(selector) fails if no direct parent matches [OK]

Hint: Check if direct parent matches selector before chaining actions [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming parent() always finds an element
• Thinking click() can't chain after parent()
• Using parents() unnecessarily

5. You want to verify that a button with class submit-btn is inside a form with class user-form. Which Cypress code correctly checks the form is the direct parent of the button?

hard

A. cy.get('.user-form').children('.submit-btn').should('exist');

B. cy.get('.submit-btn').parents('form.user-form').should('exist');

C. cy.get('.submit-btn').parent('form.user-form').should('exist');

D. cy.get('.submit-btn').parent().should('have.class', 'user-form');

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand direct parent check

   To check if the direct parent matches a selector, use parent(selector). cy.get('.submit-btn').parent('form.user-form').should('exist'); uses this correctly.

2. Step 2: Compare other options

   cy.get('.submit-btn').parents('form.user-form').should('exist'); checks all ancestors, not just direct parent. cy.get('.user-form').children('.submit-btn').should('exist'); checks children of the form, reversed logic. cy.get('.submit-btn').parent().should('have.class', 'user-form'); checks parent but does not filter by selector, so it may pass incorrectly.

3. Final Answer:

   cy.get('.submit-btn').parent('form.user-form').should('exist'); -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   parent(selector) verifies direct parent matches selector [OK]

Hint: Use parent(selector) to confirm direct parent matches [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using parents() when only direct parent matters
• Checking children instead of parent
• Not filtering parent by selector