Complete the sentence to explain what a Certificate Authority (CA) does.
A Certificate Authority (CA) is an entity that [1] digital certificates to verify identities.A Certificate Authority issues digital certificates that confirm the identity of websites or entities, helping users trust them.
Complete the sentence to describe the trust chain in certificates.
A trust chain starts from a root CA and goes through [1] CAs before reaching the end-entity certificate.
The trust chain includes intermediate CAs that link the root CA to the end-entity certificate, establishing trust step-by-step.
Fix the error in the statement about certificate validation.
To validate a certificate, the system checks if it was [1] by a trusted CA in the chain.
Validation involves checking if the certificate was signed by a trusted CA, confirming its authenticity.
Fill both blanks to complete the description of a certificate chain.
The certificate chain includes the root CA at the top and [1] CAs in the middle, ending with the [2] certificate.
The chain has intermediate CAs between the root CA and the end-entity certificate, which is the final certificate used by a website or service.
Fill all three blanks to explain how trust is established in a certificate chain.
Trust is established when the [1] certificate is signed by its [2], and each intermediate CA is signed by its [3].
The end-entity certificate is signed by its CA above, and each intermediate CA is signed by its CA above, forming a chain of trust up to the root CA.