C++ Program to Print Multiplication Table

Use a for loop in C++ to print the multiplication table by multiplying the given number with numbers from 1 to 10, like for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) std::cout << n << " x " << i << " = " << n*i << std::endl;.

Examples

Input5

Output5 x 1 = 5 5 x 2 = 10 5 x 3 = 15 5 x 4 = 20 5 x 5 = 25 5 x 6 = 30 5 x 7 = 35 5 x 8 = 40 5 x 9 = 45 5 x 10 = 50

Input1

Output1 x 1 = 1 1 x 2 = 2 1 x 3 = 3 1 x 4 = 4 1 x 5 = 5 1 x 6 = 6 1 x 7 = 7 1 x 8 = 8 1 x 9 = 9 1 x 10 = 10

Input0

Output0 x 1 = 0 0 x 2 = 0 0 x 3 = 0 0 x 4 = 0 0 x 5 = 0 0 x 6 = 0 0 x 7 = 0 0 x 8 = 0 0 x 9 = 0 0 x 10 = 0

How to Think About It

To print a multiplication table, think of multiplying the given number by each number from 1 to 10. Use a loop that counts from 1 to 10, and in each step, multiply the input number by the loop counter and print the result in a clear format.

Algorithm

1

Get the number for which the multiplication table is needed

2

Start a loop from 1 to 10

3

In each loop iteration, multiply the number by the loop counter

4

Print the multiplication expression and result

5

Repeat until the loop ends

Code

cpp

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    int n;
    std::cout << "Enter a number: ";
    std::cin >> n;
    for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
        std::cout << n << " x " << i << " = " << n * i << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

Output

Enter a number: 5
5 x 1 = 5
5 x 2 = 10
5 x 3 = 15
5 x 4 = 20
5 x 5 = 25
5 x 6 = 30
5 x 7 = 35
5 x 8 = 40
5 x 9 = 45
5 x 10 = 50

Dry Run

Let's trace the program with input 5 through the code

1

Input number

User enters 5, so n = 5

2

Start loop

Loop counter i starts at 1

3

Calculate and print

Print '5 x 1 = 5' because 5 * 1 = 5

4

Increment loop

i becomes 2

5

Repeat calculation

Print '5 x 2 = 10' because 5 * 2 = 10

6

Continue loop

Loop continues until i = 10

7

End loop

After printing '5 x 10 = 50', loop ends

i	Expression	Result
1	5 x 1	5
2	5 x 2	10
3	5 x 3	15
4	5 x 4	20
5	5 x 5	25
6	5 x 6	30
7	5 x 7	35
8	5 x 8	40
9	5 x 9	45
10	5 x 10	50

Why This Works

Step 1: Input the number

The program asks the user to enter a number and stores it in variable n.

Step 2: Loop from 1 to 10

A for loop runs from 1 to 10 to cover all multipliers for the table.

Step 3: Print multiplication

Inside the loop, the program multiplies n by the loop counter i and prints the result in a readable format.

Alternative Approaches

Using while loop

cpp

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    int n, i = 1;
    std::cout << "Enter a number: ";
    std::cin >> n;
    while (i <= 10) {
        std::cout << n << " x " << i << " = " << n * i << std::endl;
        i++;
    }
    return 0;
}

This uses a <code>while</code> loop instead of <code>for</code>, which is equally clear but slightly longer.

Printing table for multiple numbers

cpp

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    for (int num = 1; num <= 3; num++) {
        std::cout << "Table for " << num << ":\n";
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            std::cout << num << " x " << i << " = " << num * i << std::endl;
        }
        std::cout << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

This prints multiplication tables for numbers 1 to 3, showing nested loops usage.

Complexity: O(1) time, O(1) space

Time Complexity

The loop runs exactly 10 times, so the time is constant, O(1), regardless of input size.

Space Complexity

Only a few variables are used, so space is constant, O(1).

Which Approach is Fastest?

All approaches use simple loops with fixed iterations, so they have similar performance.

Approach	Time	Space	Best For
For loop	O(1)	O(1)	Simple and clear multiplication tables
While loop	O(1)	O(1)	Alternative looping style
Nested loops for multiple tables	O(1)	O(1)	Printing tables for multiple numbers