Screen reader utilities in Bootsrap - Interactive Code Practice

Practice - 5 Tasks

1fill in blank

easy

Complete the code to hide the text visually but keep it accessible to screen readers using Bootstrap.

Bootsrap

<span class="[1]">Hidden text for screen readers</span>

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Ad-none

Bvisually-hidden

Cvisible

Dtext-hidden

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using 'd-none' hides the element from all users including screen readers.

Using 'visible' or 'text-hidden' are not Bootstrap classes.

The visually-hidden class in Bootstrap hides content visually but keeps it readable by screen readers.

2fill in blank

medium

Complete the code to make an element visible only to screen readers but hidden visually using Bootstrap 5.

Bootsrap

<div class="[1]">Screen reader only content</div>

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Ad-none

Binvisible

Cvisually-hidden

Dhidden

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using 'd-none' hides the element from screen readers as well.

Using 'invisible' hides the element visually but it still takes up space.

The visually-hidden class in Bootstrap 5 hides content visually but keeps it accessible to screen readers.

3fill in blank

hard

Fix the error in the code to correctly hide the heading visually but keep it accessible to screen readers.

Bootsrap

<h1 class="[1]">Welcome to the site</h1>

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Ad-none

Bhidden

Cvisible

Dvisually-hidden

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using 'd-none' hides the element completely.

Using 'hidden' or 'visible' are not Bootstrap screen reader classes.

The visually-hidden class hides the element visually but keeps it accessible to screen readers. Using d-none hides it from all users.

4fill in blank

hard

Fill both blanks to create a button that is visually hidden but accessible to screen readers and becomes visible on focus.

Bootsrap

<button class="[1] [2]">Skip to main content</button>

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Avisually-hidden

Bvisually-hidden-focusable

Cd-none

Dfocusable

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using only 'visually-hidden' does not make the element visible on focus.

Using 'focusable' is not a Bootstrap class.

The visually-hidden class hides the button visually but keeps it accessible. The visually-hidden-focusable modifier makes it visible when focused.

5fill in blank

hard

Fill all three blanks to create a paragraph that is hidden visually, accessible to screen readers, and becomes visible on focus.

Bootsrap

<p class="[1] [2] [3]">Important info for screen readers</p>

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Avisually-hidden

Bd-block

Cvisually-hidden-focusable

Dsr-only

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using 'sr-only' instead of Bootstrap 5 classes.

Missing the focusable class to show on focus.

visually-hidden hides the paragraph visually but keeps it accessible. visually-hidden-focusable shows it on focus, and d-block ensures it displays as block when visible.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of Bootstrap's .visually-hidden class?

easy

A. To disable all user interactions on an element

B. To make text bold and larger for better visibility

C. To hide content visually but keep it accessible to screen readers

D. To change the background color of an element

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the role of .visually-hidden

   This class hides content from the screen but keeps it readable by screen readers.

2. Step 2: Compare with other options

   Options A, B, and C describe visual or interaction changes, not accessibility hiding.

3. Final Answer:

   To hide content visually but keep it accessible to screen readers -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Screen reader utility = hide visually, read by screen readers [OK]

Hint: Think: hidden visually but still read aloud [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing visual hiding with disabling interaction
• Thinking it changes text style instead of visibility
• Assuming it hides content from screen readers

2. Which of the following is the correct way to apply Bootstrap's screen reader utility to a paragraph?

easy

A. Hidden text

B. Hidden text

C. Hidden text

D. Hidden text

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify Bootstrap's current screen reader class

   Bootstrap 5 uses .visually-hidden to hide content visually but keep it accessible.

2. Step 2: Check other options

   .hidden hides content completely including from screen readers; .sr-only was used in older versions; hidden attribute hides from all users including screen readers.

3. Final Answer:

   <p class="visually-hidden">Hidden text</p> -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Bootstrap 5 uses .visually-hidden [OK]

Hint: Use .visually-hidden for Bootstrap 5 screen reader text [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using outdated .sr-only class
• Using HTML hidden attribute which hides from screen readers
• Using non-Bootstrap classes like .hidden

3. What will a screen reader announce for the following HTML snippet?

<button>Submit<span class="visually-hidden"> form</span></button>

medium

A. Submit form

B. Submit

C. form

D. Nothing, the text is hidden

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the role of .visually-hidden

   The .visually-hidden text is invisible but still read by screen readers.

2. Step 2: Combine visible and hidden text for screen reader output

   The button text is "Submit" plus hidden " form", so screen readers read "Submit form".

3. Final Answer:

   Submit form -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Hidden text is read aloud with visible text [OK]

Hint: Hidden text adds to screen reader output [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking hidden text is not read aloud
• Ignoring visually hidden span inside button
• Assuming only visible text is announced

4. Identify the error in this code snippet intended to hide text visually but keep it accessible:

<span class="sr-only">Hidden info</span>

medium

A. The span tag cannot have classes

B. The class sr-only is deprecated in Bootstrap 5

C. The text will be visible to all users

D. The class should be screen-reader-only

Solution

1. Step 1: Check Bootstrap version and class usage

   Bootstrap 5 replaced .sr-only with .visually-hidden.

2. Step 2: Understand impact of using deprecated class

   Using .sr-only may not apply correct styles, so text might not be hidden visually.

3. Final Answer:

   The class sr-only is deprecated in Bootstrap 5 -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Use .visually-hidden, not .sr-only [OK]

Hint: Use .visually-hidden, not .sr-only in Bootstrap 5 [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using outdated .sr-only class
• Assuming span can't have classes
• Confusing class names for screen reader utilities

5. You want to add extra descriptive text for screen readers only, inside a button, without affecting layout or visible design. Which is the best approach?

hard

A. Add a <span class="visually-hidden"> with the extra text inside the button

B. Add a <div hidden> with the text inside the button

C. Add a <span style="display:none"> with the text inside the button

D. Add a <span> with the text and set font-size to 0

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand screen reader utility requirements

   The text must be hidden visually but still accessible to screen readers without affecting layout.

2. Step 2: Evaluate each option's effect

   Add a <span class="visually-hidden"> with the extra text inside the button uses .visually-hidden, which hides visually but keeps text accessible. Add a <div hidden> with the text inside the button uses hidden attribute which hides from screen readers. Add a <span style="display:none"> with the text inside the button uses CSS display:none which also hides from screen readers. Add a <span> with the text and set font-size to 0 hides text visually but may cause layout issues or be unreliable.

3. Final Answer:

   Add a <span class="visually-hidden"> with the extra text inside the button -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Use .visually-hidden for accessible hidden text [OK]

Hint: Use .visually-hidden to hide but keep accessible [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using hidden attribute which hides from screen readers
• Using display:none which removes from accessibility tree
• Hiding text by font-size 0 causing layout issues