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Angularframework~5 mins

ARIA attributes in templates in Angular

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Introduction

ARIA attributes help make web content accessible to people using screen readers or other assistive tools.

Using ARIA in Angular templates improves your app's usability for everyone.

When you want to describe the role of a custom UI element that is not natively accessible.
When you need to provide extra information about the state of an element, like if a menu is expanded or collapsed.
When you want to label elements that do not have visible text labels, such as icons or buttons.
When you want to improve keyboard navigation by indicating which elements are focusable or selected.
When you want to ensure your app meets accessibility standards for users with disabilities.
Syntax
Angular
<element [attr.aria-attribute]="expression">...</element>
Use Angular's attribute binding syntax [attr.aria-attribute] to add ARIA attributes dynamically.
Replace aria-attribute with the specific ARIA property you want to set, like aria-label or aria-expanded.
Examples
Sets a dynamic label for the button using a component variable buttonLabel.
Angular
<button [attr.aria-label]="buttonLabel">Click me</button>
Marks a div as a dialog and sets whether it is modal based on isModal.
Angular
<div role="dialog" [attr.aria-modal]="isModal">Dialog content</div>
Hides or shows the text to screen readers depending on isHidden.
Angular
<span [attr.aria-hidden]="isHidden">Hidden text</span>
Sample Program

This example shows a button that toggles a menu. The button uses ARIA attributes:

  • aria-label to describe the button for screen readers.
  • aria-expanded to indicate if the menu is open or closed.
  • aria-controls to link the button to the menu.

The menu has role="menu" and each item has role="menuitem" to help assistive technologies understand the structure.

Angular
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
  <title>ARIA in Angular Template Example</title>
</head>
<body>
  <app-root></app-root>

  <script src="https://unpkg.com/@angular/core@17/bundles/core.umd.min.js"></script>
  <script src="https://unpkg.com/@angular/common@17/bundles/common.umd.min.js"></script>
  <script src="https://unpkg.com/@angular/platform-browser@17/bundles/platform-browser.umd.min.js"></script>
  <script src="https://unpkg.com/@angular/platform-browser-dynamic@17/bundles/platform-browser-dynamic.umd.min.js"></script>
  <script>
    const { Component, NgModule, enableProdMode } = ng.core;
    const { BrowserModule } = ng.platformBrowser;
    const { platformBrowserDynamic } = ng.platformBrowserDynamic;

    enableProdMode();

    @Component({
      selector: 'app-root',
      template: `
        <h1>ARIA Attributes in Angular Template</h1>
        <button
          [attr.aria-label]="buttonLabel"
          (click)="toggleMenu()"
          [attr.aria-expanded]="menuOpen"
          aria-controls="menu"
        >
          Toggle Menu
        </button>
        <ul id="menu" *ngIf="menuOpen" role="menu">
          <li role="menuitem">Item 1</li>
          <li role="menuitem">Item 2</li>
          <li role="menuitem">Item 3</li>
        </ul>
      `
    })
    class AppComponent {
      buttonLabel = 'Toggle navigation menu';
      menuOpen = false;

      toggleMenu() {
        this.menuOpen = !this.menuOpen;
      }
    }

    @NgModule({
      imports: [BrowserModule],
      declarations: [AppComponent],
      bootstrap: [AppComponent]
    })
    class AppModule {}

    platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule(AppModule);
  </script>
</body>
</html>
OutputSuccess
Important Notes

Always use semantic HTML elements first, then add ARIA attributes only when needed.

Test your app with screen readers or browser accessibility tools to check ARIA effectiveness.

Keep ARIA attribute values updated dynamically to reflect UI changes for better accessibility.

Summary

ARIA attributes improve accessibility by describing UI elements to assistive tools.

In Angular templates, use [attr.aria-attribute] to bind ARIA attributes dynamically.

Use ARIA roles and states to help users navigate and understand your app better.