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In which of the following scenarios is the concept of 'Hold and Wait' most likely to cause a deadlock?

easy🔍 Pattern Recognition Q11 of Q15
Operating Systems - Deadlock - Four Necessary Conditions (Coffman)
In which of the following scenarios is the concept of 'Hold and Wait' most likely to cause a deadlock?
AA process can forcibly preempt resources from other processes.
BA process requests all required resources at once before execution begins.
CA process releases all resources before requesting new ones.
DA process holds one resource and waits to acquire another resource already held by another process.
Step-by-Step Solution
Solution:

  1. Step 1: Understand 'Hold and Wait'

    This condition requires a process to hold at least one resource while waiting to acquire additional resources. A process holds one resource and waits to acquire another resource already held by another process directly describes this scenario.

  2. Step 2: Analyze other options

    A process requests all required resources at once before execution begins avoids hold and wait by requesting all resources upfront. A process releases all resources before requesting new ones releases resources before requesting new ones, preventing hold and wait. A process can forcibly preempt resources from other processes describes preemption, which is a different condition.

  3. Final Answer:

    Option D -> Option D

  4. Quick Check:

    Only a process holding one resource and waiting to acquire another resource already held by another process matches the hold and wait condition necessary for deadlock.
Quick Trick: Hold and Wait means holding some resources while waiting for others [OK]
Common Mistakes:
MISTAKES
  • Confusing hold and wait with requesting all resources at once
  • Thinking preemption is part of hold and wait
Trap Explanation:
PITFALL
  • Options A and C describe resource acquisition strategies that avoid hold and wait, while D confuses preemption with hold and wait.
Interviewer Note:
CONTEXT
  • Tests candidate's ability to identify the hold and wait condition in practical scenarios.
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