[Solved] The following code is intended to plot the cumulative integral of cos(x) from 0 to 2π, but it raises an error. What is the error and how to fix it?import numpy as np import matplotlib.... | SciPy

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The following code is intended to plot the cumulative integral of cos(x) from 0 to 2π, but it raises an error. What is the error and how to fix it?

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.integrate import cumtrapz

x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 100)
y = np.cos(x)

integral = cumtrapz(y, x)
plt.plot(x, integral)
plt.show()

AError: plt.plot cannot plot arrays; fix by converting to list

BError: cumtrapz returns array shorter by 1; fix by plotting plt.plot(x[1:], integral)

CError: cumtrapz needs y first then x; fix by swapping arguments

DError: np.cos requires integer input; fix by converting x to int

Step-by-Step Solution

Solution:

Step 1: Identify cumtrapz output length
cumtrapz returns an array with length one less than input arrays.
Step 2: Fix plotting mismatch
Plot x[1:] with integral to match array sizes and avoid error.
Final Answer:
Error: cumtrapz returns array shorter by 1; fix by plotting plt.plot(x[1:], integral) -> Option B
Quick Check:
cumtrapz output length = input length - 1 [OK]

Quick Trick: cumtrapz output shorter by 1, plot with x[1:] [OK]

Common Mistakes:

Plotting full x with shorter integral array
Trying to convert floats to int unnecessarily
Swapping arguments of cumtrapz incorrectly

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The following code is intended to plot the cumulative integral of cos(x) from 0 to 2π, but it raises an error. What is the error and how to fix it?

Step 1: Identify cumtrapz output length

Step 2: Fix plotting mismatch

Final Answer:

Quick Check:

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