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You are designing a payment system that must handle 10,000 transactions per second with minimal latency and high reliability. Which architectural approach best supports this requirement?

hard📝 Trade-off Q15 of 15
LLD - Design — Parking Lot System
You are designing a payment system that must handle 10,000 transactions per second with minimal latency and high reliability. Which architectural approach best supports this requirement?
AStore all payment requests in a single database table and process sequentially
BProcess all payments synchronously on a single server to ensure order
CUse client-side scripts to process payments directly without server validation
DUse a distributed message queue to process payments asynchronously with multiple worker nodes
Step-by-Step Solution
Solution:

  1. Step 1: Analyze scalability and latency needs

    Handling 10,000 TPS requires distributing load and minimizing blocking.

  2. Step 2: Choose asynchronous distributed processing

    Using a message queue with multiple workers allows parallel processing and reliability.

  3. Step 3: Eliminate options causing bottlenecks or insecurity

    Single server or sequential DB processing causes bottlenecks; client-side processing lacks security.

  4. Final Answer:

    Use a distributed message queue to process payments asynchronously with multiple worker nodes -> Option D

  5. Quick Check:

    High TPS + low latency = distributed async processing [OK]
Quick Trick: Distribute load with async workers for high TPS [OK]
Common Mistakes:
MISTAKES
  • Using single server causing bottlenecks
  • Sequential DB processing slowing throughput
  • Relying on client-side payment processing

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